The Minimum Subsistence Guarantee System And Urban Anti-Poverty

Since the beginning of 1990s, with the development of market economy and dramatic social transition, there came a large number of laid-off and unemployed workers during the process of China's industrial restructuring and reform of state-owned enterprise. These unemployed workers are the main body of the new urban poverty group .Urban Poverty is rapidly becoming an obstacle to the economic development and social stability, also become the focus of academic research. China's urban minimum subsistence guarantee system, referred to as the urban low, is the core of Social Assistance System. It provides the difference relief for the urban poverty according to standard and is the main anti-poverty measure. The system has carried out for more than ten years since built in 1999, which protect a large number of urban poor not to fall into the abyss of poverty. The system goes through three stages from pilot stage to established stage, develop and improve continuously, make very important contributions to economic and social stability.However, anti-poverty effect of view, the current governance of urban poverty is a negative relief because it can maintain the basic living for the poor but do not really help the poor communities out of poverty. Some researchers consider that it is lack of active functional in poor governance. How to make poverty relief policy and system better is a major issue in the process of building a harmonious society.For example of the street of Jinsong, Beijing, my research adopts the sociological perspective; combine with poverty theory and the governance theory. The research looks for factors to poverty and real needs for the poor; explains the basic measures of Urban Poverty and points out its shortcomings and problems; research the reasons why the system alone can not complete the task of poverty governance. According to governance theory, poverty is not the unilateral acts of government, urban poverty governance is a community-wide participation, continuous, interactive process; need the government, the poor and non poor to participate together. Simply relying on the system to assume the important task of governance of urban poverty is clearly not enough. On this basis, my research proposes to update the idea of urban poor ggovernance; draw on successful experiences at home and abroad, with the idea of social policy for development, a community development model, strongly advocate the participation of NGO and other social organizations form the new situation for participating in the whole society. In sspecific measures of anti-poverty, my research put forward to improve the poor's human capital and social capital, use multi-channel to promote their employment, encourage multiple subjects to participate in the work of urban poverty and encourage more social worker to provide more services.