Analysis Of State Security In Constructivism:a Discussion From An Ethical And Cultural Viewpoint

This article adopts international morality as its thought basis to explore and discuss a reasonable way to realize the "real security"for a state. Nowadays, globalization has been an obvious symbol of these days, so it's a wise choice to study security from a perspective of social constructivism. Chapter One Norms and identity: transformation to constructivism in state security study Security study in modern meaning appears with the rising of neorealism and neoliberalism in international politics. The fact that sudden and peaceful ending of Cold War makes rationalism not to be able to offer a successful explanation about international politics. This trend has been strengthened by appearance of such phenomena as immigration and nationalism in whole world. So it's natural that people move their focus on other theories including constructivism. Summarily, constructivism believes we should substitute natural science method by social science method in international politics study, confines casual research of positivism, focuses on social constructive and constitutive relations, and researches such social factors as culture, norm and identity. Constructivism firstly appeared in 1989 and experiences "resolution"phase in 1980s and "reconstruction"in 1990s. Chapter Two Human orientation: security idea of constructivism "Security dilemma"concluded from anarchism is one of the central notion which is contented by neorealism and neoliberalism. According to the explanation of neorealism, states have to protect themselves by their own forces in an environment where there are no powerful institutes above state. Anarchism decides that international system is a self-help system. In the system, security dilemma is inherent, and the source that one feels better is just the threat to other ones. Constructivism stood by Wendt is doubtful about anarchism logic. He doesn't think anarchism can only conclude self-help, but both self-help and he-help. Through social practices, actors can be either friend or enemies. In security field, facing to "security dilemma", constructivism offers "security community"theory. The theory believes securitization, that means one actor's idea to others influences its feeling about "real security", and is moulding security interaction in system. To actors, the idea "subjectivity"should decide their security ideas. It's important to understand the motivation and process of securitization. Because if people can know who, when and how to "make"security, they can know how to adjust interaction and get rid of "security dilemma". Chapter Three International mortality: the beginning to construct state security Nowadays the level of globalization has a quick promotion, all states have to rely on other states, and state security is more and more decided by international security, and the borders between them are disappearing. A possible and necessary way to build a security community is to begin in international mortality which is accepted by world and then to form a friendly identity. International morality is all norms and notions that influence relations and actions between international actors. Traditional international morality thinks of state as the most important body, and believes all actions can't impair state's interest and power. Under globalization, more and more non-state actors appear, and diversion of power changes and international morality will be rebuilt. Board-sense security idea is just the request of new international morality, to change the narrow understanding in security we should analyze interrelation between security and human's survival, and disclose the true meaning of security, the superior-existence of whole human being is the object of it. Chapter Four Non-traditional security: Amplification in security field under social construction If it can be said that board-sense security deepen the connotation of security, then non-traditional security enlarges the extent of security. Non-traditional security isn't a very clear definition, and we may give it an analysis in subject, threat source and solution. Security community can be realized from district to whole world, and to it non-traditional security is a motivation. The trend to build security community in a district means that it isn't enough to only make simple and provisional cooperation, and it's necessary to encourage the district into an intimate body. Security community is just the effective and possible solution. In last years many scholars find the commonality in...