A Ecological Assessment Study On Eco-environment In Heilongjiang Province Region

Since the 20^th century, the population of the world, economy, social civilization all have got unprecedented development and the mankind has created the enormously material wealth. Meanwhile, extensive industrialization and agricultural modernization consumed resources that the mankind depended on for existence excessively and led to the problems of ecological environment at the same time, which made the mankind fall into all sorts of crises that cannot free ourselves. In recent decades, the ecological destruction and the environmental pollution bring serious influence to socio-economic development and life quality of our country, which have become the problems that must be solved in realizing the third steps of strategic plan of modernization construction and sustainable development of our country. For this reason, the Party Central Committee and the State Council paid great attention to the problems of ecological environment, and have approved Hainan, Jilin, Heilongjiang, Fujian, Zhejiang,etc. as trial provinces for ecological province construction. At the end of the 20th century ,the Provincial Party Committee and provincial government of Heilongjiang made "the planning outline of the ecological province construction of Heilongjiang", and reviewed and passed by the twenty-fifth meeting of the ninth Heilongjiang provincial Peopole's Congress. Since then, the ecological province construction of Heilongjiang has been started.The ecological province construction of Heilongjiang is a concrete action of carrying out important thoughts of " three representatives", is the important action of implementing the strategy of sustainable of our country and is important action that implements strategic plan of "doing well, starting a new undertaking and realizing to enrich the people and build up the province"; it is the inevitable choice of promoting the strategical readjustment of our economic structure in the province and turning the resource and environmental advantage richly endowed by nature into realistic productivity and realizing coordinated development and benign circle of the resource, environmental and economy; it is the need of participating in the global economy which becomes more and more integrated in 21st century on one's own initiative, is the need of improving the investment environment of our province, is the need of developing export-oriented economy, and enchancing the domesticly and internationally synthesized competitives; The ecological province is the ideal carrier of economic and social sustainable development of our province, is the first important opportunity that our province enters 21st century.It is a practical activity to carry out sustainable development strategy that constructing eco-environment in province region as to the case of study on Heilongjiang province. However, the rationality of ecological assessment indexes plays an important role in ecological the construction in province region. The paper makes a series studies as followed. First, The basic theory on ecological construction in province region. It puts forward the theoretical foundation of ecological province construction: The theory of sustainable development is the basic theory of ecological province construction; ecological economics and environmental economics arethe objective law and economic law that must be followed in ecological province construction; the sustainable development of regional economy offers the economic guarantee for the ecological province construction. Second, in order to make out the function in applying ecological assessment indexes, we discuss it from positive and negative aspects. The positive aspects include the support of the different level government; the further restoration of the ecological environment; acquiring the better achievement of the land improvement; the emphasis of ecological city plan etc. The negative aspects include the limitation of academic system; the conflict of the economic increase condition and ecological capacity; the deterioration of the regional ecological environment. Thirdly, according to the theory of ecological capacity, the principal component analysis is used to select the principal component factors. Fourthly, followed with the result of ecological capacity, the reasoning of ecological assessment indexes is assessed. Fifthly, with the deficiency of applying ecological construction in province region and shortcoming of ecological assessment indexes itself, the safeguard system is found based on thought, economy, investment, science and technology, law & administration, publication and education. The study result could be used as the scientific basis of ecological construction in province region. It is also a good try to combining physical science with social to study the ecological construction in province region.