Predicament And Outlet For Rural Collective Landownership Evolution In Current China

Since the existence of human society, the setting up and running of all kinds of institutions toward land owning and utility closely connects with the rising and dealing of the regime and humanity's happiness intensely. Land institution has been transformed several times since the foundation of the People's Republic of China. And now the land utility institution that the household responsibility is its major substance has been established initially. This institution enhances the farmer's production enthusiasm and not only liberate rural production forces greatly but also promote the development of rural economy. But it reveals itself some imperfections and shortages progressively in the course of deepening the rural reform. For example: 1. Subject of landownership is weak 2. Collective landownership has a false position 3. Collective landownership has a not pure boundary with state land ownership. These imperfections and shortages have become obstacles to deepen the rural reform. Therefore there has real urgency and necessity to reform the current rural land system. Centering on the legisalation on jus rerem educational circles have put forward a lot of different schemes. Some scholars advocate that reserve the current collective landownership and make it perfect. Others advocate that cancel the current collective landownership and practise private landownership. But these schemes are not good enough to overcome those imperfections and shortages of current land institution. The rural collective Lander ownership system is the outcome of the movement to the agricultural production organize cooperatives and the movement to people's commune. It has very strong political connotation. It impossible for us to find out a method to solve problems of the current rural land institution in such system configuring. Land has special economic and social attribute. We should strengthen farmland protection so that guarantee the grain safety. All of these make it legitimate and necessitate that nationalize the rural collective land. I think that nationalization is the best choice to get out the predicament of current collective landownership evolution. And then I put forward some concrete measurements such as: arrange the land management system reasonable; nationalize the collective land on the basis of establishing farmland register management; establish financial system that farmland right of use mortgage is it characteristic. And make the nationalization thinking of evolution has feasibility.