The Road To Freedom

Human's freedom is an unvarying topic, it is always related to the existence of human being and also to the destiny and throb of human in every given times. As a real thinker who is care for human's freedom and liberation, Marx had already made a deep research on the freedom at the beginning of his materialism and communism coming into being, and his answer about freedom is an important element of Marx philosophy. Especially in his book German Ideology, Marx summarized variety theories of freedom and made a scientific one based on communism, hereby, found a right way to freedom for human being. On the basic of study on German Ideology, this article tries to make a deep research on how to realize the real freedom with Marxist freedom mentality as background. And following Marx's thinking, tries to make this road come in focus.In German Ideology, with scientific attitude and deep insight, Marx discussed the situations of restricted and enslaved people from several different aspects: 1. low productivity leads to the crackdown on people from nature; 2. with the development of productivity, compelling division of work and private ownership appeared, which brings the social crackdown on proletarian from the opposite class; 3. after the appearance of private ownership, rank (illusive unit) with common benefit becomes a new oppression; 4. Human were ruled by abstract things which aroused from capital logic, leads to chanciness in social people's life prick up, hence make the oppression of people from chanciness; 5. Dominant idea of gerent comes into as social ideology, the crackdown on people from this is not so obvious but really exist. After the research of every enslaved situation of people, the following question is why people got into these enslaved situations in capitalistic society. With a deep research on economics as precondition, Marx found the reason that was dissimilation work aroused from compelling division of work. He analyzed several categories about dissimilation work 1. view on producing result, worker's labor and worker's product has dissimilation; worker's product was held by others, so it will oppose with worker as an out power; 2. view on producing process, worker and worker's labor has dissimilation; Worker's labor is not a willing activity but a living means, and is a force of life. This is inconsistent from free work's inbeing; 3. view on the peculiarity of human nature,worker and the peculiarity of human nature has dissimilation; working and producing are embodiment of the peculiarity of human nature, but dissimilation work against people's inbeing of free work, so that it has dissimilation with the peculiarity of human nature; 4. view on people's relationship, people has dissimilation with others; People and the peculiarity of human nature in society is shown as dissimilation between one and others, that means one's control and enslavement of others. Later, western philosophers like Lukács,Fromm,and so on, they all made a times analysis on how freedom lost from dissimilation aspect. All these proved Marx's viewpoint that dissimilation work is the root of people's un-freedom.Since dissimilation is the root of people's un-freedom, that can say liberation and freedom are one kind of surmount and improvement of dissimilation. The process people pursued liberation and freedom is just the same saying as the history people surmounted and improved the dissimilation work. Criticism on work's dissimilation and improvement on dissimilation work, achieved free work. This is right the historical errand of Marxist philosophy. In Marx's liberation intent, the activities to achieve people's liberation and freedom are shown as: 1. advancement of productivity, so that people can unify free activity and material life, and view work as the base means of self-improvement not only the need for life. This is the base of improving the dissimilation; 2. advancement of productivity will surely lead to the readjust of producing relationship, the old private system which enslaved people will surely been overthrown, this needs proletariat revolution to achieve; 3. revolution overthrow the old producing relationship and surely promote the readjust of new producing relationship; 4. make the new producing relationship suitable for people's free inbeing and achieve the product of free work. Above make up of the realistic ways from Marx's surmounting of work dissimilation.The development of dissimilation work makes people regress free inbeing and achieve the free work, so that brings another question, how to insure the free work? How the social system that can insure the free work look like?Marx thought, improvement of dissimilation work not only regressed free work's inbeing but won back the guarantee of free work that was combo of free people. Because the combo of free people well solved four basic relationships (inconsistency) in human society and historical development: 1. relationship between unit and combo; proletariat's revolution died out classes, people no longer belong to that visional combo, there is no dissimilation and opposite relationship between unit and combo; 2. relationship between unit and unit; no country, no classes, everyone is a certain developing main body, personal development no longer base on victimization of others'development but create conditions for others; others'development also can create conditions for unit, that is creating conditions for both sides; 3. relationship between everyone and all people; combo of free people emphasizes on personal's development is the condition of all development, and explain that only unit can develops freely, then all people can develop freely; 4. relationship between national unit and global people; base on the universal communication, surpass area, nationality and even limitation of the system, form a"global and historical"living main body, unit can develop in a totally different condition. Since the combo of free people is the guarantee of free work, then how the combo of free people can be possible? In my opinion, the question of how the"combo of free people"with the precondition of"everyone's free development"can be possible is just the question of"everyone's free development", because history is just the alternation of times and the process from low class society to high class society with producing development as impetus and personal development as content. But this is right the precondition and condition that the personal free development's historical inevitability and its achievement. So, the question of how"everyone's free development"can be possible can be reverted to how history development can be possible. But, development of history is up to the productivity development finally. As the development of productivity, history development will surely has one day that infinitude material riches can satisfy everyone's need in society, the aim pursuing of fortune which always controls people in the past, now is redundant; the competition for control and masterdom of living resource will be end because of no need, human will get out of this difficulty finally. At that moment, human will change the aim to self-development and go on the way for everyone's free development.