The Farmers' Social Mobility And Modernity Consciousness

The article studies the farmer social mobility of B County in northern part of Juangsu province. It aims to reveal how does such mobility influence the farmer's self-modernization and how does their obtained self-modernization affect and control their socially flowing from this area to the other for more than 20 years.The paper raises the supposition of central theory, by using the real diagnosis sociology research technique and based on questionnaire survey and the massive interviewing materials, which is that for the farmer of B County, the certain degree of self-modernization and the unceasing social mobility are complementary to each other. The author, from the angle of region farmer's social mobility, proposed the concrete function mechanism supposition, that is to say, time effect assumption and space effect assumption. The former mainly contains six aspects: acceptation of new experience, the education expectation, individual potency feeling, sense of time, the birth idea and contacting the mass media, borrowed from Inkeles on modernity measurement index. The space assumption mainly designs four aspects index: occupation expectation, the enterprising idea, relatively deprived feeling and the consciousness of expansion social capital. The time and space effect assumption is tested by the questionnaire and interviewing with 130 mobile farmers from B County. The study shows that no matter the time effect supposition, or the space effect supposition, both got the very good examination, powerfully support the central theory supposition.During the period of investigating research and interviewing, the author found that because of their own social capital and different flowing experience and so on, these mobile farmers has already had very big differentiation in the inner part. A part of group farmers has gained the extensive social capital (firstly they gained a quota economical capital, then utilized economical capital unceasingly to expand their own social associating network to achieve own social capital maximization), and this group we define it as"elite flowers". Another part of communities mainly is the employees of some factories and the operators running the small shops, and we define this group as"ordinary flowers".In order to know the degree of modernity obtaining of farmers of B County, we have adopted a quota sampling method, including the two groups:"elite flowers and ordinary flowers"and during the period of examining, we have made simple comparative analysis to reveal the their divergence in the degree. Through the comparison research we discovered that these two groups both have obtained the modernity to varying degree, relatively saying, the modernity characteristic of"elite flowers"is stronger than that of in"ordinary flowers". Moreover, because of the expansion of the social capital, the"elite flowers"tends to backflow rationally to acquire more profits, so their social association network extend consumedly as well and they can master more information which cannot be gained by the"ordinary flowers". Thus, it intensified the inner divergence in flowing communities of B County. Certainly, no matter the former or the latter, through the unceasing social mobility, their local traits will gradually decline, and their tradition will become more and more weak while modernity strong.The paper also tentatively analyzes the factors that influence the obtaining of modernity. The main factors include the following aspects: flowing and city life experience, education background, the degree of contacting the mass media and the expanding social life. Indeed, because of the social system arrangement and the own"tradition"that is difficult to get rid of, flowing farmers of B County in northern part of Jiangsu province still have many barriers in obtaining modernity. The author also raises some related ways to maintain the flowing farmers'modernity unceasingly to obtain and gradually realize the man's modernization.