Discuss Kang Youwei Thought Of Citizen Autonomous

This article take "Discusses Kang Youwei Citizen Autonomous Thought" as the topic, utilization literature research technique and so on material law, comparison analytic method, after Kang Youwei's citizen autonomous thought origin, the content, the status, the publication the social from all walks of life response, the influence and the significance and limited and so on several aspects elaborated to the society.The first part, elaborated the Kang Youwei citizen autonomous thought forms background. It mainly includes two aspects contents: One, refers to time background which Kang Youwei locates: Two, refers to Kang Youwei's individual life background, namely his family background family, accepts the education, and he lives region and its cultural characteristic. These are the main reasons which the Kang Youwei political thinking forms. Then has analyzed the Kang Youwei citizen's autonomous formation, Kang Youwei under the turbulent time environment, again fuses his Confucianism thought and the western learning ingredient, proposed his citizen autonomous thought. The second part, elaborated the Kang Youwei citizen's autonomous maincontent, mainly was acts according to in 1902 to publish "Citizen Autonomous" to analyze induces the citizen autonomous content. The author sets up the citizen system from Kang Youwei the necessity to mention, must think the country is prosperous and powerful must take the people as this, the national has the participation in government and deliberation over governmental affairs the right, therefore thought the political reform must set up the citizen system; Kang Youwei limits citizen's condition, and analyzed has set up the citizen system four profits; Then elaborated implements the citizen system the concrete implementation method; Through compared to the Kang Youwei citizen and our country subjects, analyzes passes through in 3000 the Qin politics, China's subject complex already is ingrained, the ancient society's inertia and subject's servility formed a with difficulty formidable lag the strength. Thus can highlight the Kang Youwei citizen's progressive significance; Kang Youwei establishes the citizen system during the position, local self-government achievement citizen system political basis. Must want to solve the China political issue, must let citizen's political main body status obtain the safeguard; But must enable citizen's political main body fully to manifest, also had on local self-government to obtain in compared to a before bigger progress; After that also was elaborating implemented the local self-government method namely first duty to set up the police; The second duty repairs the household register; The third duty repairs the path; Fourth duty every people correspondence and matter of the telegram telephone; The fifth duty receives the payment of taxes; Sixth duty school; Seventh duty劝农industry; The eighth duty helps the industry and commerce; The ninth duty speaks the health; The tenth duty opens kindly court of law and so on; Finally had expounded the citizen autonomous the relation populace which transforms with politics is in our country politics main body, has in political the influence, then the whole nation is with joint forces big, is the national size may not limit the quantity.The third part, elaborated Kang Youwei citizen autonomous to at that time society's influence, attempts to transform through the system saves the nationality in peril. Divides three aspects to come to see this ideological trend, first is the studying in Japan educational world appeal, the main performance is the studying in Japan student massively translates Europe and America and Japan about the promotion civil rights autonomous books, such as French Meng Desi great wild goose "All creatures Fine Principle", Rousseau. "Doctrine of social contract", English Spenser "Social Equal rights Discuss" and so on; The studying in Japan student also organizes the publication thing-in-itself "Studies away from home Translates Arranges", "the Hubei Student", ya the Chinese sound "," Zhe jiang chao "," Speaks frankly "," Jiangsu "and so on is a medium, vigorously promotes the civil rights autonomous thought; Furthermore is domestic intellectual circle echoing, in this time, the civil rights autonomous ideological trend in the first attribute which domestic emerges for translates Europe and America and Japan publicizes the autonomous thought the books in domestic to publish in abundance. A kind is involves the citizen autonomous thought the political work, like American suddenly Russ "the American Civil administration Tests", France Rousseau. "Doctrine of social contract", Meng Desi the shipyard "All creatures Fine Principle" or " France, Italy ", English Zhen Ke thinks "Society To pass Examines", mill John "Group Oneself Power Discusses" and so on; A kind specially translates the local self-government work. The domestic each big publication introduced and promotes local self-government "the editorial", "the dissertation" and so on the article discusses publishes in abundance, appeal, the initiative sound of continuously. Moreover is the place officials and gentry and the royal government minister's response and the initiative, joins publicizes the civil rights autonomous ranks, the thought advocated or the motion has the agitation to the government and the populace.The fourth part, is to the Kang Youwei citizen autonomous thought appraisal. First, said the Kang Youwei citizen's autonomous rationality, Liang Qichao establishes the citizen system to Kang Youwei the position and its the concrete tentative plan, the expression high appreciation. Kang Youwei publishes "Citizen Autonomous" in the after 22 years, along with the China national capital principle development and the bourgeoisie petty Bourgeois intellectual group appearance, the Chinese circle of thinkers and the media starts local self-government take road of as the saving the nation from subjugation political ideological trend, has laid the thought foundation for the end of the Qing place politics innovation and the constitutional government movement, has the theory forerunner significance regarding the modern China politics culture development and the political civilization construction; Furthermore, elaborated the Kang Youwei citizen autonomous thought limitation, the Kang Youwei citizen autonomous thought, is the national capital principle economy development product, is the emerging bourgeoisie for realize one political request which the participation political power initial goal proposed, had the certain progressive significance under then historical condition. But checks towards the feudalism ruling class said that, still was on makes the issue in "the governing power", but must carries on "the political power" transformation. Qing government's goal, lies in establishes newly gentry businessman. "auxiliary governs" the status, by stable imperial authority rule, thus also cannot satisfy the emerging bourgeoisie the political request, achieves the political conformity with difficulty the goal. The decision at the end of settling local self-government movement distress and is difficult, is unable truly to achieve bourgeoisie's constitutional government goal. The national government time, passes through many years political tutelege, in order to complete the so-called constitutional government, once tried out local self-government, formulated the new local self-government laws and regulations. But because inside and outside China the political context limits, local self-government throughout has not also been separated from the Kuomintang despotic politics the document from, is far has not realized in constitutional government significance local self-government and the democratic politics. The so-called citizen system and the citizen culture were still a difficulty with anticipated serious topic.