Studies On The Iranian Islamic Revolution And Modernization Process

The Iranian Islamic Revolution and the revival of modern Islamic doctrine that the Revolution resulted in not only play important influences on contemporary international relations, but also offer an excellent example to the issue of developing countries' modernization. So this thesis, on the base of looking back historical facts, studies the relations of the Iranian Islamic Revolution with modernization process through utilizing correlative theories.Firstly, this thesis introduces the modernization road of the Pahlavi Dynasty. In the situation of internal disorder and external invasion, Reza Shah started the modernization process by great force from 1920's. However, he, had carried out the strategy that approached to Germany in the Worldâ…¡, was rejected by England and Soviet troops. His son Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi came into power and drove England and Soviet force out, which maintained his national independence to some extent. In 1963, the King Pahlavi launched "the White Revolution" and boosted the hurricane-like modernization in politics, economy, culture and other aspects. Although this kind of modernization promoted Iranian economic growth and changed social appearances, it also gave rise to abundant problems.Secondly, a variety of social strata stood up to oppose the King's despotic rule and failed modernization pattern. Religious leader Khomeini, by the posture which never compromised, the mature theories and the flexible strategies utilization in the struggle, had been becoming an acknowledged leader gradually. After the Iranian Islamic Revolution succeeded, Khomeini established "Velayat-e Faqih" as the foundation of Iranian theocracy political system. Simultaneously, domestic politics, economy, culture as well as social life became comprehensive Islam; Vigorous "Output Revolution" was aimed at many countries. All these aroused strong responses and also incurred tremendous pressures. Thus its domestic and external policies had to move towards practice little by little. Finally, this thesis analyzes theoretically the issue of developing countries' "modernization from within". This kind of modernization has obtained amazing achievements, yet it also gives rise to entire social drastic changes. So these countries should correctly deal with the modem tropism of politics, economy, social life as well as foreign relations, utilize reasonable reform methods and promoting ways in order to avoid serious social vibration and chaos. At the same time, they also should treat present international order rightly. Only this can they explore modernization model that suits themselves. Based on it, then this thesis probes into more the unique function and impact of the deep-seated facts of culture and religion in modernization process and international relations.