The Sociological Research On The Development Of Prisoner's Prosocial Orientation

Prosocial orientation means cognition, intention and attitude that are beneficial to others, community or society and in accordance with social norms. Prisoner is the man that suffers social sanction for violating law. From sociological view, his imprisonment is a process to correct his antisocial nature and cultivate prosocial orientation.It is important that improves the efficiency of using judicial resource and reforming quality by analyzing prisoner's cognition, attitude, will and evaluation of prosocial behaviour, discussing prisoner of different characteristics(such as imprisonment term, family economic condition, marital status, parents' cultural degree, whether singleton, etc.), analyzing main factors that impact prisoner's prosocial orientation, and offering relative policy and measures. The article consists of four parts: exordium, theoretical investigation, prositivism investigation and policy suggestion. From the research, we draw some conclusions as follows.Firstly, prisoner's prosocial orientation is low relatively as a whole.Secondly, as to prisoners of different characteristic (such as imprisonment term, economic condition, marital status, parents' cultural degree, whether singleton,etc), their prosocial orientation has a significant difference, such as, the more longer is the term of imprisonment, the more lower is prosocial orientation; as to singleton prisoner compared with non-singleton prisoner, his prosocial orientation is lower; as to divorcee compared with unmarried or married prisoner, his prosocial orientation is lower; the prisoner whose family economic state is poorer, has a lower prosocial orientation; the prisoner whose parents' cultural degree are lower, has a lower prosocial orientation; the prisoner whose living ground is rural area or village, has a higher prosocial orientation than the prisoner whose living ground is city.Thirdly, main factors influencing prisoner's prosocial orientation are trust, inhabitation, whether singleton, parents' cultural degree and social support, etc.Fourthly, the main policy which cultivates prisoner' prosocial orientation includes some aspects, such as, raising his understanding level of prosocial norms and his role play ability, strengthening prisoner' ability of morals estimation and ability of making a choice about morals behavior, improving prisoner' social support level and trust level, perfectting evaluating system of criminal reformation quality, etc.