Reflections On The Prevention Of Duty Crimes From The Perspective Of Impact Of Social Environment Factors On The Criminal Mentality Of Such Crimes

The first part of this article begins with an analysis of the concept of Duty crimes, various definitions of this concept are listed, and then the author provides its own definition based on the comprehensive analysis of such various definitions. By analyzing the current situation of duty crimes and its harm in China, the author suggests the significance of preventing and punishing such crimes at present, and also puts forward his view of carrying out such prevention from the perspective of criminal mentality. Thereafter, the author further illustrates and analyzes the concept, types of criminal mentality of the duty crimes, the relationship between the criminal mentality and criminal conduct of such crimes and the development of such criminal mentality. The author further discusses the necessity to do research on criminal mentality of duty crimes and the significance of social environment factors in affecting the psychology of committing duty crimes. The author then proposed that such research would have positive impact on the prevention of duty crimes.The second part of this article presents a broad and deep analysis of the impact of two type of factors on the criminal mentality and criminal conduct of duty crimes, they are macro-social environment factors (including political system, economic, cultural factors and the factor of rule of law) and micro-social environment factors (including family, occupational, and communication factors). The author proposes that the impact of social environment factors on the criminal mentality of duty crimes is realized in the following mode: social environment factors will cause imbalance in cognition which will have impact on people's psychology, and in the spontaneous adjustment of people's cognition from imbalance to balance, the cognition will be guided in the direction of committing duty crimes.The third part of this article proposes that prevention of duty crimes could be started from the prevention of the psychology of committing such crimes. Regarding the impact of social environment factors, various mechanisms should be established and improved, such as self- discipline mechanism of public servants ("no intention to commit crimes"), security system ("no need to commit crimes"), restriction and prevention system ("no possibility to commit crimes") and punishment system ("no guts to commit crimes"). By changing and improving the social environment, decreasing the imbalance of cognition, people are encouraged to turn their psychology from committing crimes to restraining criminal conducts, and the aim of preventing duty crimes would be reached in the end.