Research On Dworkin's Theory Of Equality Of Resources

Equality is an important virtue in the human history, and human never stop pursuing on equality in the long history, that may prove that equality is just a good societal wish rather than a virtue which can not be well achieved in the society. Mr.Ronald Dworkin, American jurists, a famous member of new-liberal and neo-liberal or libertarianism, who set forth, after Mr. Rawls, a series of theoretical views about equality, and he raised two basic principles for equality: the principle of equal importance and the principle of special responsibility. Supported by those two basic principles, Mr. Ronald Dworkin structured his theory of equality of resources.What Mr. Ronald Dworkin introduced for resources allocation was market mechanism. Mr. Ronald Dworkin categorized resources as impersonal resources and personal resources. And he assumed to achieve equal allocation of impersonal resources through auction, he also gave a test criteria--'envy test': once allocation completed, if there is anyone who would choose resources allocated to someone else rather than what allocated to himself, then resource allocation is in equal. As Personal resources had its particularities, Mr. Ronald Dworkin employed a way of suppositional assurance to achieve its equal allocation, and mainly through luck differentiating, while luck could be divided two kinds, and one is option luck and the other is brute luck. And then Mr. Ronald Dworkin satisfied two basic principles of Ethical Individualism and equal allocation of resources realized.The principle of equal importance requires governments maintain equal concern and respect to people under their rule, which is inherent substantial requirement of government legitimation. The principle of special responsibility requires individual shall be responsible for any personal choices, and the government shall not interfere. The principle of equal importance is a matter of collectivity responsibility. The government makes rich class being responsible for the society by way of revenue, and that is responsibility the rich shall assume as a result of occupying more social resources. By doing so, the government then can provide a relative justicial and equal environment to his people through fiscal expenditure. The principle of special responsibility is corresponding to specific responsibility, under the relative justicial social environment, everyone shall choose independently and be responsible for his choices. Mr. Ronald. Dworkin's wisdom: Equality is Sovereign Virtue.Presently our country is in the process of social transition, and many kinds of equalities become prominent. The gaps among different areas, different classes and cities or rural areas are widening, and there are also problems with education. All those are fundamental problems that need to be resolved on our way to a harmonious society. Mr. Ronald Dworkin's theory of equality of resources may provide us philosophical contemplation about equality for socialist and harmonious society construction in our country.