Analyses Of The Development And Trend Of SCO

Neoliberal Institutionalism is one of the most influential theories of transnational relations. It insists that the essence of international society is cooperation under Anarchy.Neoliberal Institutionalism has three points about institution. First, although international institution is the product of the development of the relations among countries, it will possess some independent and self-extended characteristic. Once the institution comes into reality, it will be an independent variable factor of the international relations and influence countries'behaviors in turn. Secondly, Neoliberal Institutionalism thinks that the countries in cooperation concern more relative gains than absolute ones. When there are more than two actors, it will be isolated from the others if it concerns too much absolute gains and then it won't get any benefit what is necessary for a country to live and develop. And if the expected cooperation could bring more benefit, a country won't care much about the smaller one in front of it. International institutions supply this kind of expectation. Thirdly, Neoliberal Institutionalism thinks that in the condition of sensitivity interdependence the trade relations won't be broken off. The cause is that it will not only lose intrinsic profits but also pay the price of economy adjustments. And under the condition of vulnerability interdependence, interrupting the trade relations will make the country concerned paid more price. To enlarge the profit expected, international institutions'action is indispensable. Neoliberal Institutionalism emphasizes the important operation of institutions on specifying actor's motion and gathering its expectation. It is an important way to ensure international cooperation and promote common progress.Neoliberal Institutionalism's rising adapted the current of nowadays international organizations'expanding. As a kind of international institution, Shanghai Cooperation Organizations is the only organization which is named with Chinese city and leaded by China. It was set up based on China,Russian,Kazakhstan,Tajikistan,Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan's common benefits need: to attack the"three forces",keep the NATO away from its bordering to the east and promote the geo-economics. Under the directions of Neoliberal Institutionalism, SCO grew up into an official organization from"Shanghai Five'Mechanism, and signed a series of treaties and agreements what fixed the organization's characteristic and goal. Nowadays SCO has been a normal international actor. It set up a series of working regimes: Heads of State Council, Heads of Government regime, Foreign Ministers'Meeting regime, departments'leaders summit, National Coordinators Council regime and so on. And the SCO set up the Secretariat and Regional Anti-Terrorism Agency. And besides, some other expert regimes and organizations have been set up. Such as Observer Delegation Regime, the Member State Bank Combo, SCO Business Council, SCO Development Fund and SCO Forum and so on. Those formulations fixed the regulations of the organization to work and the goal to strengthen the good neighborly relations, ensure Non-Traditional Security, promote exchanges and cooperation, and promote the building of new international political and economic order. With the guarantee of SCO Regime, the members achieve a lot in such domain as safety,politic,economy and culture.However, there are some immanent adverse factors that block SCO from development. They contain the huge inner difference of SCO and the influence of countries and organizations outside of SCO. The different opinions of members in economy, politics, culture and ideology areas may lead to the members'different knowledge on common benefit and different ways to pursue their profits. There may be even some member who betrayed the common benefit. America and some other organizations will also influence SCO's development. NATO, leaded with America, regards SCO as its latent enemy, and NATO raises its own influence on the Central Asia through those ways of economic,political and military permeation. America used Color Revolution to support pro-US government to alienate the cohesion of SCO. The member of SCO such as Russia may take advantage of Commonwealth of Independent States or Eurasian Economic Community to peripherizate SCO. This article exquisitely analyses those entire situation.The last pattern, this article predicts the development trend of SCO in the future firstly. And then this article discourses two kinds of conception about SCO: militarization and un-militarization road. Russia is the delegate of militarization. It expressed for many times to upgrade the position of military and political cooperation. Russia wants to construct SCO as a militarization organization. And China stands for the un-militarization trend. China will go on insisting developing peacefully. This article sums up the two kinds of trend and analyzes them by comparing them with each other. From the perspective of fickle institution's high price, this article proves the characteristic of SCO won't change. The high price makes the actors comply with the organization's standard as much as possible to ensure their long-term profit. And the price to maintain current institutions is lower than the price to build new ones. Most of the questions inside the organization can be settled through negotiation. Excessively emphasize the importance of military power can be not beneficial to solve the questions, and could easily become the cause of conflict and raise the price of the organization to work.SCO is an organization with the goal to maintain region safety,promote the communication between members and ensure the cooperation between members. The main goal of SCO will never be a country group that opposes NATO. Those factors determined that SCO won't develop into a military organization.At last, this article predicts the trend of the development of SCO: the main goal of SCO will continuously transform from the original"High Level Politics"of the safety,political cooperation to"Low Level Politics"of economic and cultural cooperation. Safety,political and military cooperation will still be SCO's main task, but the center will transform to other areas. The fundamental way of SCO is promoting the members' economic power. To sum up, SCO will continue their road of peaceful development.