Theory And Practice Of The Thought Of Chinese Marxism Women's Emancipation In The Period Of Democratic Revolution

In more than 2000 years of feudal societies, Chinese women were oppressed by four mountains -- political power, clan power, religious authority and husbands' authority at the same time. Not only did they receive the spiritual oppression and control, but also the most barbaric body yoke and trample. Today, women's status has been enhanced greatly, but the liberation degree still falls behind the social economic development, which has restricted the entire economy, the development of continual, stable and coordinated society and the establishment of harmonious society. Therefore, it's necessary to research systematically on the theory and practice of the thought of Chinese Marxism women's emancipation in the period of democratic revolution to provide the model significance for current advancement of women's emancipation which, though, has obtained the great achievements.Briefly speaking, Marxism is human's liberation and the thought of women's emancipation is its important part. Marx and Engels use the basic principles of dialectical materialism and historical materialism to elaborate systematically the root of women's oppression and the connotation, the condition, the way and the significance of their liberation and so on. Lenin and Stalin use the theory of Marxism women's liberation to make its movement in Soviet Russia obtain the great achievements, enriching and developing the thought of Marxism women's emancipation. After the Movement of May 4th in 1919, Marxism is widely disseminated in China. Early Marxists like Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu started initially studying the women's issue by using the Marxism historical materialism and the view of women, thus making the thought of Marxism women's emancipation reveal Chinese bud.Chinese Communist Party takes the women's issue seriously. From her foundation date, she conscientiously uses the thought of Marxism women's emancipation to instruct the revolutionary practice and starts its Chinese course. The second representative assembly of Communist Party passed the first programmatic document about the women's issue --"On Women's Movement Resolution". From the establishment of Chinese Communist Party to Great Revolution period, the thought of Chinese Marxism women's emancipation has been established gradually. The Communist Party of China inherits and uses the thought to instruct women's liberation movement in China, where emphasizes that the private ownership is the root of women's oppression and socialism is the basic way for women's liberation. Only by labor liberation can we realize women's liberation and only by eliminating private ownership and class oppression can we liberate the women truly. The original thought of women's great union and the establishment of the united front is the important development for the thought of Marxism women's emancipation. In practice, it's mainly the widespread propaganda by society, carrying out the initiative education to women, organizing the women's association, training the talent for women's movement, and simultaneously making limited attempt to develop the women's liberation movement together with the national liberation movement.Over agrarian revolution, while exploring and forming new path of revolution in China, Communist Party of China realized that laboring women had a vast reservoir of revolutionary strength and combined women's liberation with proletarian revolutionary course. What's more, in the revolutionary base, Communist Party put the thought of Marxism women's emancipation into practice successfully, and relieved all sorts of limits for women in the law, and realized equality gradually between women and men in reality, only obtaining the enormous liberation for women in politics, economy, culture, marital family, and pushing Chinese Marxism thought of women's emancipation thoroughly.In the period of Sino-Japanese War and War of Liberation, in the process of carrying out the Marxism thought of women's emancipation in the revolutionary base and the liberated area, Communist Party of China elaborated comprehensively the general and specific policies and the ways and means for women, and promoted the Marxism viewpoint -- to participate in the social productive labor is an important precondition for women's liberation -- as strategic concept for women's work, which was understood in unceasing depth in practice. Communist Party of China regarded women's participation in the productive labor as abutment and breakthrough point to realize their special and overall benefit. By taking part in the productive labor, women can obtain economic status, then, enhance their political, cultural and educational status. The thought of united front for women's great union was further developed and consummated. In fact, it can improve women's status comprehensively by means of mobilizing and organizing women to go in for the base construction and the struggle against enemy and to inspire women's self-awareness and subjective consciousness in the concrete practice. Marxism thought of women's emancipation in China has moved towards maturity, and finally formed Chinese characteristic thought for new democratic women's emancipation.During democratic revolution, Chinese Marxism thought of women's emancipation theoretically enriched and developed the thought of Marxism women's emancipation, and practically aroused women's awakening and enhanced women's consciousness. Women in China win unprecedented liberation, making themselves devote actively with the unique enthusiasm to the anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism national-democratic revolutionary struggle, which burst out so tremendous strength that women made the prominent contribution to the victory of revolutionary war. The experience and lessons concerning the thought of Chinese Marxism women's emancipation in the period of democratic revolution is of great practical significance to further improvement of women's current survival condition and development of women's liberation.