Comparative Analysis Of The Influence Of Three Types Of Leftist Parties In Post-war Latin America

There are three main types of leftist parties in Latin American political scene: the Communist Parties, the Socialist Parties and the National Socialist Parties. As the major forces of pushing forward the advancement of the democracy in Latin American, they have always played important roles in Latin American political scene. On the one hand, they share some common traits. On the other hand, they have different development levels, especially different political influences in different time phases as seen from historical angle. This thesis studies and compares the three types of leftist parties from the angle of party influence, setting the end of World War II as the start time. By studying the development course of each type of parties, the thesis compares the similarities and differences of them in party influence in a dynamic way, then analysing the causes of these similarities and differences using relevant theories.There are three parts in this thesis:In the first part, the author defines the concepts and scopes of the three types of parties, and then explains the meaning and characteristics of them. Basing on these, the thesis provides the following three main indicators of examing the political influence of the three types of parties: the ruling time of the parties, the percentage of votes and seats obtained in the parliamentary elections, the number of each kind of parties and the number of their party members.In the second part, the author summarizes the development and change courses of the political influence of the three types of parties. Through integrating with the three indicators of examing party influence and collecting relevant datas, the author traces out the state of development of the three types of parties in different stages of postwar latin America.The third part compares the similarities and differences of the political influences of the three types of parties, then analyzing the causes of them. Through statistical analysis of their political inflences, the author has found that there are both similarities and differences in their development tracks and the ways they exercise influences. What's more, the ups and downs of each type of parties exhibit both synchronism and antisynchronism.And then the author explores the causes of these similarities and differences, providing that the living basis and the objective environment of the three types of parties are the main causes of these similarities and differences. Firstly, the economic development pattern and the level of economic development in postwar Latin America form their economic foundation, and it exerts key effects on their similarities and differences in party influence. Secondly, the economic structure, the employment structure and the class structure form their social foundation, and it is the root cause of their similarities and differences in party influence.What's more, the waves of democratization, neo-authoritarianism, and the atmosphere of cold war and the collapse of the former Soviet Union and East Europe form the political setting of them, which are the important causes of their similarities and differences in party influence.