A Study On Local Government's Effects In Public Transport Priority

Along with the continuous development of urbanization and improvement of economic level, traffic problem was becoming important factor of influencing and restricting the city's development in our country. Public transport priority could improve the usage factor of city's road and undertook the function of public service and embodied social equity. Public transport priority was inevitable and necessary. In the process of development of our country's public transport, local government's effects were predominant. In public transport priority, local government played a role or not determined it could be successfully actualized or not and the urban traffic problem could be resolved or not. At the same time, the nature of urban public transport and the function of local government determined the local government must play a role in public transport priority.In the practice of public transport priority, according to different relation between government and public transport enterprise, this paper divided the type of local government's effects into three different pattern: public monopoly, deregulation and competitive tendering. This paper introduced the theoretical basis of this three different patter, and analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of three different pattern.This paper analyzed the practice of public monopoly and deregulation and found that they couldn't achieve the goal proved by its theory in practice. The problems in practice were heavy losses of public transport enterprise,heavy loads of public finance and inefficiency of public transport enterprise. The problems in practice of deregulation were poor service of public transport,disorderly competition of public transport enterprise,skimming and too expensive. This paper, by serious analyzing, found that the reasons were that two pattern couldn't resolve for main problems in public transport priority.The best pattern of local government's effects was competitive tendering. In competitive tendering, for achieving theoretical goal, local government should ensure the combination of regulation and competition. It needed the local government to ensure tendering work was impartial and competitive, to choose suitable type of contract, and to supervise the practice of contract. Furthermore, local government's basic effects should include: to pay much attention to the strategy of public transport priority; to strengthen public transport infrastructure construction; to accelerate legislation, to reasonably plan the public transport network; to give subsidy to non-profit public transport enterprises and to reasonably restrict private transportation.