The Landless Peasants Protection Mechanism

Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, a lot of rural land has been taken away. Thereafter, more and more peasants lost their land. Because of shortcomings in system, mechanism and management and so on, the government does not compensate for the peasants' loss according to principles of market economy in using their land, which infringe upon the rights and interests of peasants and causes peasants' loss of land, loss of interests and unemployment. In this way, peasants become a new weak community and social conflicts become increasingly protrusive. Considering this reality, the study focusing on peasants rights and interests safeguard is theoretically and practically significant. On the basis of reality, this paper probes into the current conditions of peasants who lost land, taking Lingang economic zone in Jiaonan, a county of Qingdao as an example. In the beginning, this paper analyzes the causes of peasants' loss of land and then their actual predicament and loss of rights and interests. From the analysis, we can find that those peasants are facing various difficulties from life, employment, social welfare and so on and that their right to survive and development is also challenged and blocked. All factors taken into consideration, this paper listed four major reasons for the peasants' loss of rights and interests as follows: weakness in our country's land system is the fundamental one; a social structure of dissection between urban and rural areas is the institutional factor; the imperfection of rural land acquisition institution is the direct cause; the imperfection of social welfare system in rural society is an important factor. It is a basic requisite to safeguard the rights and interests of peasants who lost land in the construction of a harmonious society and a new socialist village. According to the causes of peasants' loss of rights and interests, given the circumstances of our country, this paper proposes four measures to safeguard peasants' legal rights and interests: innovate rural land institution, coordinate urban and rural development, improve rural land acquisition institution, perfect social welfare system of rural medical care and supporting the elders and so on.