Re-Exploration Of The Mikado System In The Meiji Constitution

The Mikado System is not only one of the cores of the Japanese politics, but also a political source that floods into the Japanese sense of superiority. The Mikado System is unique in the history of the world's politics, and it affects the Japanese society in a way more than we can think. A Japanese thinker said once "in the life of every tree and bush, there is The Mikado System." It still counts today. The Mikado System can be marked off into three phases, i.e., the Ancient Mikado System, the Modern Mikado System under the regime of the Meiji Constitution, and the postwar Nominal Mikado System. The Modern Mikado System was established in 1889 when the Meiji Constitution was promulgated and implemented. The Mikado's attain to power had a great effect on the modern Japanese. Modern Mikado System, a peculiar carrier of Japanese politics, whose strength is indispensable on Japanese politics and cultures. A profound cognition and research on the Modern Mikado System can draw us a clear picture of the Japanese politics, moreover, to settle some of the remaining problems between China and Japan in a proper way. Scholars in China have few systematic researches on the Modern Mikado System of the Meiji Constitution. Most of their research put emphasis on history study. With critical perspectives and unitary studies, the characteristic of the Modern Mikado System under the regime of the Meiji Constitution was neglected. With a materialistic view of history and using Marxist dialectical materialism, this article focus on analyzing the Mikado System under the regime of the Meiji Constitution objectively and systematically. And after series of comparisons, this paper introduces the peculiar characteristics of the Modern Mikado System of the Meiji Constitution.In addition to this introduction and conclusion, the paper's body is divided into four parts to expound my point.Part one introduces a general concept of the Mikado and the Mikado system, the establishment and development of Mikado and the Mikado System, and the close connection of the Mikado System to Japanese Shinto. The appellation of "Mikado" was not born in Japan itself, but borrowed from China, first as King, and then the Great King, and finally the Mikado. And in Japan, Shinto, expressed as "the way of the god" in the Japanese language, is more than a nature religion. It also has ethnic dimensions. Japan's leaders emphasized the divine origins of the Mikado and began to tie Shinto to a growing spirit of nationalism. In 1889 a national religion called State Shinto was set up, and the spirits that are worshiped in a Shinto Shrine include the spirits of distant ancestors of one's clan, and especially the great leader---such as the Meiji MikadoPart two is dedicated to discuss how the regime of Meiji Constitution comes into being. The social problems at home and pressure outside the country by then hastened the birth of Meiji Constitution. The enaction and implementation of the Meiji Constitution built up a Emperor-centered system, and a series of reforms which also consolidate the Emperor's power took place afterwards. In 1889, the Meiji Mikado came to the throne, assuming real rather than symbolic power, thus beginning the deliberate modernization of Japan---a turning point in Japanese history that is called the Meiji Restoration.Part three discuss the duality of Mikado System of the Meiji Constitution. The priority of this part will come to the Mikado's unlimited authority and his limited power. In Japan, the Mikado was highly honored by people and the Meiji Constitution regulated the power of the Mikado, yet in practice there were obstacles for him to use his power.Part four uses comparisons showing the differences between the Mikado System of Meiji Constitution, the Chinese Emperor System, and the British Monarchy; in this way we can have a thorough understanding of the Japanese Modern Mikado System.