The Military Reform During World War Two

Through the military reform during World War Two, the United States rose as world military superpower. In September 1939, Nazi Germany launched the invasion of Poland, declaring the bankruptcy of the appeasement policy. The Second World War began with the subsequent declarations of war on Germany by France and Britain. While adopting the neutrality policy conservatively in the beginning, the United Stated soon was forced by the situation to abandon the policy, began to carry out tough policy towards Germany and Japan. In February 1941 the Unites States announced to freeze the German funds in America. Expanding the American safety zone, the US navy carried out patrol in Western Hemisphere in April. In September the US navy was authorized to fire on German warship. In October an amendment of Neutrality Act was put forward to arm the merchant ship. Thus the US finally stepped into the declaration on Germany. Japanese incursion into Indochina in 1941 aggravated the conflicts between the United States and Japan. After the Pacific War exploded, the United States adjusted the strategy and finally embarked on the war.In the process the United States gradually established their own global strategy, including diplomatic and military aspects. The Second World War is a typical total war with each side mobilizing every aspect of force to fight. Foreseeing this point, The United States made thorough plan so as to switch the national economy into wartime system and smoothly develop a wartime mobilization system. At the same time, the United States also completed the change and expansion of the national armed force and with great effort built up a large-scale powerful national military force, which was sent to the front after a short term of training and played important part in defeating fascist Axis forces. This military force was an important element for the final victory over fascism. In The course of the war, the United States gradually completed the construction of global military command, military power and logistical support system, which are among the important elements and achievements of the American military reform. The accurate function of military leadership and precise strategy enhanced the initiative of the commanders and fully brought into play their military leading ability. The application of science and technology in army building and weapons research enabled the United Sates to firmly grasp the initiative and to accomplish the unbeatable military power. What's more, the system of supply and logistics of the United States provided the sinews of war, enabling the normal operation of front troops. The war ended with the victory of anti-fascism allies. But there also emerged problems in the aspects of coordination between different forces, health security, strategy principle and military structure. While the warring parties suffered heavy losses, to the United States the war brought the historical opportunities. Through the war the United States achieved the long cherished dream to become a world superpower and got the throne of world hegemony. From then on the United States shed its tradition of isolation and embarked on the expansion of hegemony. The war also caused the 3rd scientific and technological revolution. United States, adopting the nuclear science and electronic scientific advantages, become the most advanced country of science and technology. War has also greatly strengthened the state monopoly capitalism, which led to profound social, political and economic changes in the United States. We can say that military reform of the United States in World War II played a vital role in its following rise as a world superpower.