Practice Of System And Countermeasures On 2007 Reform Rural Institutions Shanghai

Following the reform of institution from 2001 to 2005, China introduced a new round of institutional reform in 2006, with a core on transorming the functions of township institution, which made more abundant intension and left more far-reaching influence on the effect of comprehensive reform in rural areas directly.This paper briefly describes the background of the research, significance, the ideas and methods of the research. Then taking the evolution of rural institutions functions as a clue, it analyses the history of institutions of township and villages according to the logic of correspondance of institutions with funtions. Then it introduces changes of the institutional functions in the new round of reform, focusing on Jinshan District as an example. Shanghai Municipal government puts a lot of emphasis on strengthening the function of township government, adjusting rural institutions reasonably, strictly limiting the leading positions and integrating township public institutions. From the result of reform, it can be concluded that this round of reform has achieved some success in positioning of the functions, structural establishment, institutional development and team structures, but there are still some issues to be solved. The author figures that the key reason lies in the mach of the government functions with the institutional structure, which hasn't reached a maximum effect. Four contradictions are the most obvious exhibition: the asymmetry between the reform impetus with the external environment, the desynchrony between the institutional reform with transformation of functions, the conflict between the reform measures and the the principles of administrative reform, and the contradiction in the coordination process between the rural institutions and their higher level government. Finally, the author suggested promoting the reform of rural institutions according to reality, with the positioning of fuctions as a core, which should combine the transformation of government functions, adjustment of institutional establishment and institutional classification reform, i.e. scientifically postion the rural government functions, promoting the transformation of government functions and scientifically manage the structrual establishment, to realize the overall optimation of structrual establishment and positions and scientific classification of reform targets with the principle of classified direction.