The Logic And Future Trend Of The Reform Of Chinese Government Institutions Since The Reform And Opening Up

With the implementation of reform and opening up and the development of the socialist market economy,Chinese government institutions have undergone eight large-scale reforms from 1982 to 2018,which have shown remarkable outcomes.As a result,the initial 100 departments of the State Council have been reduced to 26.This paper takes the reforms of Chinese government institutions conducted since the reform and opening up as the object of study and analyses the background,purpose,content,features and effectiveness of the 8 reforms from the logic starts of institution setting and functional transformation and under the guidance of structural function theory and governance theory,so as to explore logics of institutional reforms.The study finds that there are two main reform logics,namely,transforming the industry-oriented institutions to be functionally-oriented,and integrating and restructuring the basic institutional functions.It has proven that the logics of institutional reforms have evolved through three stages,namely,restructuring institutions by streamlining and optimization,achieving modern management by functional transformation,and realizing comprehensive governance with function orientation.The comparison of institutional reforms at three stages shows that problems in reforms mainly include:imperfect laws and regulations;certain relatively lagging reforms;top-down reforms ignoring local differences;part unscientific institution settings,and the defective functional transformation.In view of above problems,as well as reform logics and their evolution,this paper proposes two major trends in the future reforms,the reform from a single institution to all,and the further functional transformation and optimization under the leadership of the Communist Party of China on government affairs-This paper also puts forward such corresponding improvement measures as improving the legal systems related to institutional reforms;optimizing relationships among departments at different levels,and giving play to the central and local motivation;clarifying the functional divisions,scientifically transforming functions;strengthening the Party's overall leadership,and coordinating reforms of Party,government,military and public institutions.