Evolution Of The British Liberal Democracy And The Impact On China

Democracy is one of the oldest and attended topics in human society, and still a highly controversial and talked about one. Throughout the development course of democracy, it takes on a tend from small city-state to the national country and from the West to the East with continuous expansion, resulting in a significant place in modern European and American free democracy history. Free democracy is the combination of freedom and democracy, and it has great vitality as it takes limiting the public rights and protecting of private rights to maintain individual liberty as core concept. The article tries to settle the development venation of modern free democracy in Europe and America, traces the development of their diffuseness in modern China, explores its influence in modern China ideological trajectory, evolution and development of democratic rules, then reviews the background democratic and social conditions of democracy running to improve and provides references to the theory of socialist with Chinese characteristics.The article analyzes the meaning and principles of democracy and freedom firstly, and then resolves the concept of free democracy, analyses the principles of free democracy, emphasizes individual freedom and rights as the center of free democracy in order to protect individual freedoms, rights and dignity as the highest value target. Free democracy means that democracy is the the most effective instrument to protect individual freedom, that the state's power comes from the people, but should be limited, that is, the people and their representatives in the legislative and decision-making should be restricted. Whether individual freedoms be protected and government power be restricted is the difference between free democracy and other types of democracy.The article focuses on the thought of Europe and the United States representative of modern free democracy, clarifies the development of Europe and the United States. Modern Britain free democracy takes Locke as the founder, after Montesquieu's consummating, from the Federalist's of the United States forward, completing its course of development from theory to practice. French Revolution broke out in the 18th century. Rousseau's democracy in the French Revolution aroused violent passion. The French Revolution's mass tyranny leaded to many people's lose confidence in democracy and tended to discuss and consider if freedom and democracy are compatible, and how to protect personal liberty in a democratic society that will come. The particular experiences of the French Revolution made France the center of the development of modern liberal democracy in the 19th century, which was the most famous representatives of Benjamin Constant and Tocqueville. Since then, free democracy went from the Modern to Contemporary.In modern China, the demand of freedom and democracy, pursuit of individual and seek political democratization were usually combined together. In late 19th and early 20th century, European and American modern free democracy came to China, and began its tortuous development. Europe and the United States free democracy was introduced to China by Yan Fu, represented by Hu Shi to spread and develop and finally, free democratic factions disappeared in the continent political arena, and maintained a single transmission line in Taiwan.Based on clarity of the developmental trace of modern free democracy in Europe and the United States, the article explores the ideas in modern China's development path based on the stated core values of free democracy of modern philosophy, advises to restrict the public right to protection of private rights in order to protect personal freedom, propose in Chinese socialist modernization drive in the core concept of freedom and democracy of Europe and America and under the direction of Marx's Concept, develop the socialist market economy, protect personal property and build a socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics.The innovation lies in the article is as followings:Firstly, based on the concept of democracy, liberty and free democracy, summed up the essence of free democracy. After analysing the concept of democracy and freedom, the principles of freedom and democracy are resolved. Summed up the value of free democracy is by limiting government power to protect the rights of individuals and achieve personal freedom.Secondly, clarify the development of thought from Locke, Montesquieu and Rousseau in France, Benjamin Constant to Tocqueville's, clear the path of development of modern Europe and the United States liberal democracy, and further discuss the development path of modern European and American freedom and democracy in China, then basically sum up the impact of their elements to modern China.Thirdly, get rid of the "West" and "Orient", "bourgeois" and "proletariat", "socialist" and "capitalism" restraint of the classical sense framework, consider the core concept of free democracy as the human progress cultural achievements. According to China actual situations, learning from the core of modern liberal democratic values of Europe and the United States, develop China democratic politics.