Research On The Model Of Public Policy

The goal of the research is to get the model of public policy-making in contemporary China. The logic of the research as follows :to begin with, according to the author'understanding to the policy process in contemporary China, using the methods of institutionalism and the framework of institutional analysis and development ,the model of public policy-making in contemporary China is put forward. Then, the model is testified by policy-making process of the real estate in China. Last, conclusion will be got.A policy is output thorough the interaction of behaviors in the policy-making stages .The author argue that the policy-making stage is influenced by 5 variables which are the institutional construction of the government ,ideology, the character of the policy's material object, economic situation and the pro-construction of policy. These variables influence the policy-making stage and restrict the policy outputs, which is called"the general model of policy-making".Meanwhile ,policy-making in contemporary China is finished in 2 levels (the level of central government and the level of ministry ) and 3 stages (the central stage on the level of central government and the front and back stage on ministry level).The content of the 3 stages is different and the variables influencing the 3 stages are also different. The 3 stages are relatively independent and they make policies thorough interaction. It is called as"the level model of policy-making in contemporary China".Using the cases of policy-making in the real estate during 1998-2009, the author deeply analyzes 5 variables, the ways of policy output and actors in the policy-making stages. In the end of the paper ,the author selects the most 3 policies (the 23# document, the 18# document, the 24# document) to analyze deeply the process of policy-making and how the policies are made thorough the interaction among the 3 stages.Lastly, the paper draws conclusions that the public policies are output thorough the interaction between 2 levels and among 3 stages, which is called"the model of policy-making on two levels and in three stages". The model argues that the object of policy-making on central level is the selection of policy goal. There are 2 biases selected by the politicians: economic bias and social bias. The object of policy-making on ministry level is the design of policy plan. The making of formal policy plan is finished in related ministries and formal think tanks. Because officials take part in the back stage on ministry level to find all kinds of information and supports to policy plans, the back stage influences deeply the policy-making in the frond stage. The frond stage influenced by both the central stage and the back stage has 4 categories of policy to be selected. The frond stage stands the most important position in the policy-making.In the end of the paper the author explains the reason of policy failure in the real estate using the model above and gives suggestions about improving the system of policy-making in China.The innovation of the research is the found of"the model of policy-making on two levels and in three stages", which is a significant attempt of localism of the theory of policy process. The shortcoming of the paper is that the model only is proved by the process of policy-making in the real estate. It needs to continue to be testified by the process of policy-making in other fields.