Effects Of Rule Variation's Three Learned Mode And Application Mode On Transfer

Following variation is fundamental for students to learn rules.And there is lack of study on learned mode and application mode of rule's variation. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of learned modes and application modes in learning rule's variations of solute mass fraction, and to compare the effect of learning and applying in different conditions. We devised three learned modes including clue-reasoning; problem- variation and receiving. We also devised three application modes including design problem with reference; design problem without reference and passive solving.A total of 270 junior students(including 90 junior two students and 180 junior three students) from a middle school were chosen with a pre-test during the experiment, the experimenters presented variation of three different learned modes to the 180 subjects(90 junior two students and 90 junior three students), and then recorded their learning scores as the post-test. The subjects'learning scores was analyzed with F test. The experimenters also presented variation of three different application modes to the 90 subjects (junior three students), and then recorded their learning scores as the post-test. The subjects'learning scores was analyzed with F test.The above results suggested: (1) About learned modes in junior two students, the near transfer and far transfer effects of clue-reasoning and problem- variation were significantly higher than receiving, the effects between clue-reasoning and problem- variation were not significance. (2) About learned modes in junior three students, the far transfer effects of clue-reasoning and problem- variation were significantly higher than receiving, the effects between clue-reasoning and problem- variation were not significance , but had no significance on the near transfer effects. (3) About application modes in junior three students, the learning effect of design problem with reference was better than design problem without reference and passive solving on far transfer. On the other hand, there is no significance on the near transfer effects.