On Current Situation And Countermeasures Of Novice Teachers' Practical Knowledge In Urban Middle School

Teacher's daily work relies on relevant theoretical knowledge, and needs special "practical knowledge". Teachers' practical knowledge is a kind of knowledge that can effectively solve teaching and educational problems, including teachers' understanding of teaching and education. It derives from teachers' using all kinds of theoretical knowledge into specific teaching situation, and then make self-creation, reflection and development. Much of knowledge that novice teachers have managed in colleges or normal universities is theoretical, however, they are poor in practical knowledge. Therefore, making pertinent research on practical knowledge of novice teachers can help them to fit the role as soon as possible, and smoothly pass the important early stage of development.Based on the informed research, this paper uses the method of questionnaire survey and case study, first to deeper the theory of teachers' practical knowledge, and then though analyzing the current situation and reasons of novice teachers' practical knowledge in urban middle school, the author proposes some niche-targeting countermeasures, to provide guidance for teachers' professional development and also provide basis for schools to cultivate and instruct novice teachers.This paper is divided into seven parts.The foreword gives a brief introduction of the research background, significance and purpose. The fist part summarizes the informed research of teachers' practical knowledge both home and abroad, including the definition, character, source, token, factors of influence and research on novice teachers' practical knowledge. Then it briefly introduces the informed research on novice teacher. Finally, it points out the deficiency of the informed research and the author's study space. The second part is the basal theory of practical knowledge, including the definition of relevant concepts and the general theory. The third part gives the research train of thought and method, meanwhile deeply analyzes the investigation results of novice teachers' practical knowledge in urban middle school. The fourth part analyzes the reasons of deficiency of novice teachers' practical knowledge from four aspects: society, education itself, school and novice teacher, according to the investigation and case study. The fifth part, to the current situation and reasons, proposes niche-targeting countermeasures to construct novice teachers' practical knowledge in urban middle school.The epilogue summarizes the necessity and direction of construction of novice teachers' practical knowledge, to provide reference for future research.