A Study Of Horde Of Primitive People's Productivity, Consciousness And Family Structure

The horde of primitive people refer to the human beings who have been the modern people in physiology but were not ones who were still not able to enter the clan society in sociology. With the most primitive of human social forms, the primitive people are the lowest stage in the development of human beings. The fundamental way of studying the social forms of the primitive people is the methods of historical materialism. Due to historical conditions, Marx and Engels did not get the anthropology materials of the primitive people before the clan society. Hence their starting point of the historical materialism is from the beginning of the clan society. For example, Engels's brilliant book, "Family, Private Property and the Origin of State" got a lot from the Morgan's anthropology of human achievements of the clan society. Besides, the late Marxist scholars did not study the social form of the original population from the perspective of historical materialism.Because of the lowness of the horde of primitive people's social form, we can not apply the general terms of historical materialism. In order to better adapt to interpretation of the horde of primitive people's social form, we made a reasonable simplification of the general principles of historical materialism combining the characteristics of the original social patterns. For example, from Marx and Engels'book and some information of the original population of anthropology, it is easy to see that the family is the only social relationship and the economic foundation of primitive groups. Therefore, this paper describes the economic base of the primitive people as the family structure. Besides, from the view of anthropology, the horde of primitive people not only have not the politics and legal systems, but have not established state apparatus such as government, political parties, army, police, courts, prisons, which means that they have yet established political superstructure. And also, their ideological superstructure (ideology) have not developed completely, which means there is no system of political thought, legal thinking, philosophy, religion and culture media, etc., but only the original language, art and morality. In the view of the primitive people have neither the political superstructure, nor a system of thought superstructure (ideology), this paper is to explore that the horde of primitive people's economic base can adapt to the superstructure and to directly use the idea that the sense of the original population (including the language, art and morality) could adapt to their family structure.Combining anthropological study materials, this paper studies the horde of primitive people's general features such as physiological characteristics, size, distribution, productivity levels, family structure, distribution and consciousness from the perspective of historical materialism. On this basis, the paper explores two kinds of relations of the primitive people between family structure and productivity, and between the consciousness and family structure.The horde of primitive people is a nonlinear self-organizing system, which makes it meet the general law of nonlinear self-organizing system. This means some bifurcation may also occur among the primitive people's marriage forms, showing a diversity of family structures. But a large number of anthropological data indicate that the primitive people adopt monogamy strictly. How to explain this phenomenon? From the perspective of historical materialism, this paper demonstrates the stability of monogamous family structure and the instability of the polygamy, polyandry family structure under the conditions of the original productivity. After analyzing the monogamous family in the aspects of economy, educational functions and reducing conflicts, we can find the great advantages of monogamy.The primitive people's family structure is determined by the level of productivity. Generally, the horde of primitive people is combined with several families, and each family has a couple and several children. As result of the low level of productivity, communication is difficult between the horde of primitive people, which force the primitive people marry within their group. This forms the closure of the primitive people. The closed family structure had a decisive impact on their language and moral. Physiologically, the primitive people have unlimited potential. However they can transfer information and exchange feelings without using too many words under a closed acquaintance community. Therefore, the language structure of primitive people is extremely not complete. The primitive people's moral and family structure can adapt to each other. Brothers of several families have equal status, which was directly originated from the monogamous family structure and economic relations according to their need. The moral character of caring for the old and loving for the young is also determined by their family structure. The honest and reliable character of primitive people can not be explained by the theory of human nature, but is originated from the closed family structure. According to the basic principles of historical materialism, the family structure has a decisive role on its morality, and on the contrary, the primitive morality is counterproductive to its family structure.