| Objeetive:With the accelerating pace of global aging, psychiatric disorders has become a primary issue that serious threat health of body and mind in middle-aged and elderly people. Depression as more common emotional experience among middle-aged and elderly people, not only has the significant external performance, but also may lead to within the body to produce all sorts of subtle change. Taijiquan is one of the main sports now engaged in middle-aged and elderly people. With its unique mode of motion and rich cultural heritage showed positive effect to improve depression in middle-aged and elderly people. In this paper, the method of longitudinal experimental, dynamic observation the influence of six months taijiquan on depression and heart rate variability of middle-aged and elderly people. Explore the relationship between depression and heart rate variability before and after taijiquan. So as to further reveal fitness mechanism effect of taijiquan for middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:Using the geriatric depression scale to screening age 55 to 65 years in middle-aged and elderly people in yangpu district ShangHai, random selection have depression mood in middle-aged and elderly people 60 (all male and female in half) as the research object. All middle-aged and elderly people was randomly divided into experimental group(58.90±4.28 years old)and controlled group(59.72±3.54 years old), each group for 30 middle-aged and elderly people(all male and female in half). Experimental group conducts 24 and 42 style taijiquan every 3 times weekly last 60 minutes for six months. All subjects was evaluated before and after the experiment using the geriatric depression scale and self-generate physiological coherence system.Results:1,After six months of taijiquan, experiment group had a very significant lower depression scores than controlled groups, but there did not exist significant differences before and after the experiment during the control group. 2,After six months of taijiquan, in time domain indexes of heart rate variability, the index SD-HRT,M-HRT of experiment group lower than those of the control group, including M-HRT has very significant differences. But the index RMS-SD of experiment group has a very significant difference higher than those in the control group. In frequency domain indexes of heart rate variability, the indexes LF/HF, LF, LFnorm of experiment group lower than those of the control group, which the indexes LFnorm has significant differences lower than the control group. But the index HFnorm and HF of experiment group has significant differences than in control group.3,In time domain indexes of heart rate variability, a significant negative correlation between the index RMS-SD and the depression. A positively correlated the depression and the index SD-HRT; In frequency domain indexes of heart rate variability, a significant negative correlation between the index HF and the depression . A significant positive correlation between the index LFnorm and the depression, a very significant positive correlation between the depression and the index VLF.Conclusion:1,Six months of taijiquan can effectively improve the depression in middle-aged and elderly people.2,Six months of taijiquan can make an increase in heart rate variability in middle-aged and elderly people, especially enhanced the vagus nerve tension, improve adjustment ability of the heart autonomic nerve.3,Before and After six months of taijiquan, a negatively correlation appeared between the depression of middle-aged and elderly people and the index of vagus nerve in heart rate variability, and a positively correlated appeared between the depression of middle-aged and elderly people and the index of sympathetic nerve in heart rate variability.4,This study speculated, the reason for Long-term taijiquan can effectively promotes the depression in middle-aged and elderly people may shown below, on the one hand, taijiquan may improvement the psychological depression of people feeling; Meanwhile hint, on the other hand, taijiquan for heart rate variability physiological indexes accordingly may improving adjust function of the heart autonomic nerve ability, thus promote the feedback type depression improved.
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