| After winning the national independence, the India government attached great importance to the development of their higher education. Within a short period of time, immense higher educational system were established and gigantic achievements were also soon seen: science and technology in Indian got a rapid promotion and it prepared the third largest intellectual body of the world. No advancement of higher education without the corresponding management. The essay focuses itself mainly on the management of the higher education in India. Retrospecting the historical development of the modern higher education in India, introducing and analyzing its present situation, and summarizing, hereafter, its characteristics, the essay is here trying to contribute a little relative inspiraption to the management of higher education in our country regarding our actual condition.The modern higher education in India was frankly transplanted from that in the west, and it experienced roughly three stages in the country. 1n1781, the first college was established by English colonists, which markered the beginning of modern education in India, whereafter western education kept flooding into the country and flourished luxuriantly. Then in 1854, India set up its own modern educational constitution, which regulated its management increasingly. By the year 1921, with the entire change and reform of the political system, Indians won their sovereignty to command the higher education. Thus the higher education became gradually Indianized.Having won their national independence, the India government issued a series of educational policies and guiding principles, goals and the specific operations to manage the running of higher education. At the same time, the government and universities also constructed kinds of laws and regulations in the field. Eventually, the central government strengthened their control over the higher education to achieve a radical transferring into joint management by two grades. In additional, drifting along with worldly higher educational reforming waves. Indian government readjusted the administration in this aspect. What came closely after is that the allocation proportion of fund in colleges and universities underwent much amendment, and the capital enjoyed multi-resources gradually. As for interior management, there are twoii4?grades: university and college. The government also took great effort in development the autonomous colleges, the result, however, has never been satisfactory.The higher education in India shows some unique characteristics which are mainly seen as: The central government always keep associating the prospect of the nation with that of the higher education, and therefore, they always combine the overall planning of the two together .The legislation for higher education in India is also multi-layered. That is ,not only the central government ,but individual college and university, even the local states have right to formulate various laws and statutes .This, somehow, meet the actual condition and demands in the field both domesticand abroad .Moreover, Indian government also takes valid measures to soften contradictions and conflictions on campus so that many rights for both teachers and students are guranteed. Still it is undeniable that there exist some defeats and malpractices in its higher educational mangagement due to historical, social, political, cultural factors. The key problems are: overcomplexity of its mechanical structure, too much interference from politics, lacking sovereignty for the colleges and universities themselves, and so on.In short, the higher educational state in India bears both achievements and shortcomings. What we are to do is to make wise judgement and take into consideration our actual situation and to do some work mainly in these aspects: first, to strengthen the construction of legal institutions so as to stimulate the construction of legalization of our higher education; second, to establish bureaus for delib...
|
PDF Full Text Request