MaXiangbo's Educational Thoughts

As the founder of Zhendan University, Fudan University and Furen University, MaXiangbo has made great contribution to the progress of society as well as the development of education in China. By analyzing his peculiar family background, special education and complicated social environment, the paper tries to research systematically on Ma' s educational thoughts and character. It can be divided into three parts.Part one: the observation of the forming of Ma' s educational thoughts. The influence of family such as Confucian origin, Catholic belief and family member on Ma' s educational thoughts is studied. It is discussed that Catholic education changes his knowledge structure and infuses him with advanced education ideology. The opportunity and challenge provided by social environment in late Qing Dynasty is studied.Part two: the narration of the content of Ma' s educational thoughts. It is generalized from following five aspects: (1)Studying advanced Western culture, especially emphasizing the study of Western science and technology as well as language and character. (2)Absorbing the soul of traditional culture. As far as traditional culture is concerned, Ma takes an attitude of absorbing the best parts and abandoning the worst parts. (3)Insisting on the educational independence, and proposing the separation between education and politics as well asreligion. (4)Advocating self-determination study, and calling for self-independence study, self-controlled management and freedom of thoughts. (5)Adopting advanced teaching method. Synthesizing advanced educational ideology of Chinese and Western culture, Ma teaches students in accordance of their ability, follows in order and advances step by step and making students from knowing to believing. Not only does he request cultivate comprehensive quality, but also he provides, students with much-thought, heart-concentrated, reality-pursuing studying method.Part three: the illumination of the main character of Ma' s educational thoughts. It includes bright era character and intense personality. The former is revolutionary and anti-feudalism, and the latter is democratic and compatible.Ma' s educational thoughts, however, has its limitation-compromise and flabbiness.