| Physical experiment has played a unreplaceable role and perform a function in physical teaching in middle school. Physical experiment is not only the way and means of physical teaching, but also the study goal of students. Cultivation and checking of the ability in experiment are regulated definitely in the physical teaching program of junior high school. In the present reformation of fundamental education, a good deal of physical curriculum must be learned by inquiry. There are higher and more comprehensive demands of the ability in experiment. In order to enhance the cultivation of experimental ability, we should check the ability in experiment as a whole but relatively independent part in entrance examination for senior high school.We should define the structure of the ability in physical experiment and the target of teaching it and checking it when we check it. The ability in experiment consists of experimental congnitive ability and the ability of operating experiment. The students' difference in experimental ability mainly is characters of experimental ability. The characters are profundity, flexibility, originality, criticism and agility. The objects of physical experiment's teaching and checking involve the three fields of cognition, operation and feelings.Currently in the Examination for Entering into Senior High School(E.E.SHS), paper-pencil testing on physics experiments is the main testing approach. Its function is mainly to exam students' cognitive abilities of physics experiments while not to direct exam students' abilities of practical labwork. But, if the instruments are appropriate, the achievement of paper-pencil testing may indirectly reflect students' abilities of practical labwork. It should be the direction of improvement of the instruments of physics experiments in E.E.SHS.Throughout a whole nation, recently, the instruments of physics experiments in E.E.SHS have great difference in both qualitative and quantitative aspects. The assessments to the instruments of physics experiments seem to be subjective and unbending, but not to evaluate the instruments in the round and objectively, not be advantageous to improvethe instruments and enhance the validity of examining experiments. The assessments are pressed for sound-criteria and valid methods.To make assessment of test item of physical experiment be scientific is to make the assessment be rational and practical. This paper is a positive study surround this theme.The method of this study is to select some representative test item of experiment from all the nation-wide and then make an examination paper for investigated the students' usual behavior of physical experiment, and compare with their scores in the physical examination paper. The aim of the study is to seek some way to improve the test item of experiment and the assessments' work.The test of the study was carried on in six senior high schools in four counties which are belonged to the city of Gulin in between September and December of 2002. The first part of test focuses on the content of experiment of Grade 2 in junior high schools, and the students tested are freshmen of Grade 3 in junior high schools. The second part of the test involves the whole experiment in junior high school, and the students tested are freshmen of Grade 1 in senior high schools.The system of evaluation must be based on the study of the test system of experiment. This is just a primary study on some practical problems. It can only give some pieces of advice as follows about the assessment of the experimental test item: the assessment can be treat from a comprehensive point or the evaluation of the test questions. The comprehensive assessment should be in a whole, and must be pertinence and variety. The evaluation of the test questions can be analyzed through some ways such as whether the question is concrete or not, whether the question's situation is true and open-end or not, and whether the question is novelty or not, etc.
|
PDF Full Text Request