School-Based Management: An Organization View

School-based Management (SBM), arising in 1970s or 1980s, refers to a form of school changing, advocating empowerment, shared decision making and accountability. It has been put in practice and great success achieved in many countries and regions, such as England, USA, Canada, New Zealand, Israel, Hong Kong and Taiwan. While it is abundant in the theory and practice of SBM, especially in individual and group aspects, there are few researches from organization views. The article starts from the history of SBM and then discusses SBM from organizational theory on a macro-scope. We come to the conclusion that school organization is a self-organized, open, and bounded rationality system, which emphasize structures and conditions. We try to build up an integrated framework composed of reasonable internal structures of SBM schools and powerful external supporting systems.This thesis consists of the following four parts:The first part is to clarify the history of SBM, with the context, hypotheses and proposals, its development in different counties and regions, and doubt on SBM included.The second part discusses the organizational theory basis mainlythrough the following parts: the views of being and developing of schools, organized to self-organized, close system to open system, and rationality to bounded rationality.The third part focuses on the content and strategies of the building of SBM schools. The former includes tasks, decisions, information, curriculum, technology and system. The latter contains developing perspectives and unique features of schools, adjusting the administration and decision mechanism, strengthening communication and group collaboration, reinforcing the school based curriculum development, and establishing learning organizations.The last part touches on the organizational environment, such as getting support from the government, society and families.