Academic Freedom And Its Institutional Arrangements

With the advent of knowledge economy, universities are becoming the center of the society gradually. As an old academic value in universities, academic freedom is faced more challenges than ever before. What makes this thought difficult to realize? There exist two main factors: one lies in the relationship between society and universities, especially relationship between government and universities; the other factor lies in the inside of the universities, that is, within the institution of universities and scholars themselves. After the analysis of elements in the institution the paper puts forward external and internal institutional arrangements respectively, based upon German and American experiences and analyzed the realities in China.