Research On Project Design And Implementation Of Four-year Program Practice Instruction In Jilin University

Practice instruction is one of the important components in higher education four-year project. It plays a key role in strengthening students' ability and social economy development. In teaching process, it aims at training students'ability and awareness of operation and innovation. In developed countries, the proportion of practice instruction project is as high as 35%. In China, more and more attention is on practice instruction. Meanwhile, problems appear in understanding the meaning and function of practice instruction, and ignoring practice instruction management. Therefore, research on higher education practice instruction maintains profound significance. I Practice Instruction in Higher Education Among the university educational activities, Practice instruction occupies a very important status in four-year project. The characteristics and significance of practice instruction should be fully understood. 1. Significance of practice instruction. Practice instruction is supplementary to theoretical teaching. It is relatively independence at the same time. It is the course of training students'ability and awareness of operation and innovation. Practice instruction includes: experiment practice, field practice, social survey, and after-class scientific and technological activities, etc. 2. Importance of practice instruction. First, practice instruction is irreplaceable in students'ability and awareness of operation and innovation. Secondly, it bridges between theoretical knowledge and practice. Thirdly, practice instruction lies in the training students' overall qualities, promoting their overall development. 3. Characteristic of Practice instruction. Practice instruction is a long-term system training course. It is enduring, systematical, comprehensive, extensive, flexible, socialized, etc. II Organization and Construction of Teaching Instruction Project With the development of China's higher education, theoretical research has been deepened on practice instruction. While, how to break through the limitation of traditional practice in instruction contents to admit novel ideas, how to organize and construct new instruction system become a primary task of practice instruction project management. 1. Characteristic of traditional system of instruction content Traditional practice is single in form. Though it is closely linked to theoretical instruction, its limitation is obvious in following aspects: (1) Cultivation mode of practice instruction is single, not scientific. (2) Class hour is little, with a 20-to-25-week field practice instruction. (3) Teaching methods and teaching means are rigid. (4) Condition of practice instruction is simply required. 2. Organization and structure of new system (1) Precondition. According to the demands of socio-economic development and discipline requirement, students' request for overall qualities is met. 2) Concrete demand for content organization. The objective of practice instruction is orientated to foster students' innovation ability, to join practice instruction to scientific research, and to reflect three-dimensional instruction contents. (3) Construction of content system. The content system of practice instruction is divided into following levels: fundamental practice instruction includes experiment courses, basis practice as career realizing practice, or metalwork practice. Comprehensive practice instruction includes professional understanding practice, course design, produce practice, professional comprehensive design, graduation thesis (design), etc. Innovation ability instruction includes scientific and technological contests, thesis and scientific and technological activities. Students' social work includes social work, organization activities. (4) Execution plan design Numerous practice courses must follow concrete demands forclass hour, credit, and practice instruction condition. Macro execution plan should be implemented in four-year project scheme as regulations of teaching. III Implementation of Practice Instruction Project Management When practice instruction project is to be conducted, it will be affected by economic situation of the university, social enterprises and institutions and even the region, practice instruction management faces such problems all the time. The problems appear that the mechanism of management can not run smoothly, that the attention is not enough, that the security system of practice instruction is imperfect, and that the methods are too rigid. 1 Set up scientific management concept The informationization of a knowledge economy society objectively requires modernized higher education. Practice instruction management in higher education must be set up in scientific thinking to improve instruction methods and approaches. Research on modern educational skills and approaches should be strengthened. Campus cultural, scientific and technological activities after class should be enriched. In the course of teaching, the content of practice should be combined with training and operation. 2 Establish guarantee system for practice instruction Firstly, regulations are to be established to ensure regular practice instruction. If regulations are imperfect, there will be changes in practice instruction implementation, for instance, changes in funds, time, instruction place and contents. Secondly, the environment of practice instruction is to be strengthened, including perfect organization, available instruction software, and teaching staff. Thirdly, the environment and condition of practice instruction are to be improved, including laboratories, practice centers, practice bases, and out-of-school bases. 3 Improve management organization and operating mechanismPresently, general practice instruction management is under thecare of Educational Administration Office. Social work activities, scientific and technological contests are under the care of Youth League committee (or students' affairs division). There is lack in collaboration. In practice, there are certain contradictions between the construction and practice instruction of the laboratory. So the mechanism of management must be reformed to set up feasible control operating mechanism. 4 Implement instruction project concretely The contents of practice instruction in the teaching plan are still large in scope. In the course of concrete implementation, a lot of problems need solving: Firstly, concrete implementation plans are to be made, including purpose, contents, time, location and operation procedures, budget, management approach on teaching staff and students. Secondly, management is on teaching course. Four factors are involved in the implementation, including teaching staff, students, teaching contents, and the software and hardware used in practice instruction. IV Appraisal on Method Design of Practice Instruction The process and effect of practice instruction will be truly reflected in appraisal. The purpose is to make the contents of practice instruction more scientific, management of the project improved, and the practice scientifically developed. The appraisal is through process appraisal and effect appraisal. Some principles must be followed as: guidance principle, signification principle, advantage principle, feasibility principle, comprehension principle, efficiency principle, and dynamics principle, etc. The appraisal of practice instruction is established on rational evaluation indicator system, experiencing unit practice appraisal, phase appraisal, and overall appraisal on practice instruction. In summary, the management of practice instruction project in...