The Research On The Theory And Practice Of Differentiating Instruction In The Middle-school Geography Classroom

For the students in class, their studying habits, behavior, thinking qualities and interests all exist a dissimilarity. Their studying need and ability to develop are not the same. However, the teaching mode is "advance side by side" carried out by the tradition education, the teaching demand is "treat equally", the teaching progress is "overall arrangement" and the teaching evaluation is "the same standard". All these don't take notice of the different teaching demand caused by the individual difference. With course reform going on, "the geography differentiating instruction" which will adapt to the different individuality, satisfy students' demand of studying geography and promote each student, becomes a new field of course reform.Ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, people are always looking for a valid path that can handle the relationship between the individual difference and teaching. By studying history, we can find that the thought of "differentiating instruction" have spread in various teaching theories, the course theories and its fulfillment. But in the teaching which take class teaching as the teaching organized form, because the different caused by theory definition, difficulty to operate and the idea can't put into practice. The theory of "the geography differentiating instruction" try to solve this problem from the real meaning. The substance of "differentiating instruction" is in the class teaching, making use of and looking after student's difference effectively, guiding thought, target, contents, method, strategy, process and evaluating in the teaching etc. the all-directions' implementation of "the teaching of difference", promoting student at original foundation up get a full development. The text will carry on overall analysis of intension of "differentiating instruction", produce background, theories foundation and value mindset and accuately define the concept of the differentiating instruction: "The geography differentiating instruction" is the teaching which makes use of and looks after a student individual difference in the class collective teaching, and is the teaching which base on the geography study's tests and diagnoses. Its teaching target is the teaching that "protect bottom not to seal a crest", promotes the biggest development. It is the teaching that diversified flexibility organizes. It is a synthetic teaching mode. The clarification relationship between "the geography differentiating instruction" and "teach according tohis ability", "individual teaching", "the layering teaching separately" etc have realistic meaning to implement differentiating instruction. The text will make a teaching comparison of paying attention to student's difference at home and abroad, experience absorbed "layering teaching", draw lessons from the theories of western "individual teaching", take the Marxism theory as foundation that education must promote the students' overall develop, base on Piaget and Bruner's phychology and Gardner's diverse intelligence theories, value a student's original cognition foundation, cognition structure, study interest, attitude and the study way etc, use geography teaching process theory, mode theory, methodology, evaluation theory etc as the direct theories source of the differentiating instruction. Combining work experience of others and myself, I think the teaching design of the geography differentiating instruction should follow six principles: difference principle, selectivity principle, meeting the demands principle and encouraging success principle, corpus principle, character development principle. In the text I put forward the theories frame of the geography differentiating instruction design which is valid and operational. I also put it into practice and carry on research combing some concrete cases.