Effect Of Swimming Training On NO/·OH-cGMP,cAMP In The Brain And Its Relation With Spatial Learning-Memory Function Of Rats

Background:Studies indicated that long-term appropriate exercise could be beneficial for the learning-memory of human or animals, but its biological mechanisms was unclear. Both NO/·OH-cGMP and cAMP signal transduction pathway might participate in many physiological functions which include learning-memory. So it could be believed that NO/·OH-cGMP and cAMP signal transduction pathway may be concerned with the signal transduction process of exercise improving learning-memory.Objective:By this experimental research, to compare and analyze the relationship between the influence of long-term swimming on spatial learning-memory in rat and NO/·OH-cGMP and cAMP signal transduction pathway.Materials & methods:After 3 times adaptable swimming exercise (30 min per time), 20 male SD rats were divided into 2 groups: the control group (CR, n=10) and the exercise group (TR, n=10). CR did not swim, and TR swam everyday from Monday to Saturday (60 min per time) and had not burdened with anything. The total was 8 weeks. All rats did Morris water maze at 9^th week and were executed swiftly at the last training of TR and got the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex of rats to freeze. To determine the levels of NO,·OH, cGMP and cAMP, it were made use of the methods of the nitric acid deoxidized enzyme reagent box and RIA respectively.Results:1. Compared to CR, it could be found that the weight of TR was reduced obviously;2. Compared to CR, it could be found that the learning-memory of CR was improved on a certain extent by the place navigation training;3. Compared to CR, it could be found that NO and cAMP/cGMP of CR in hippocampus were enhanced obviously (P<0.05), the level of cAMP in hippocampus was enhanced very obviously (P<0.01) ; And the levels of NO , cAMP and cAMP/cGMP in prefrontal cortex were enhanced obviously (P<0.05) .Conclusions & suggestions:1. Swimming training of 8 weeks had improved the spatial learning-memory in rats on a certain extent;2. Swimming training of 8 weeks had changed the level of NO in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in rats obviously, it is suggested that exercise could affect the process of learning-memory by NO-cGMP signal transduction pathway; meanwhile swimming training of 8 weeks had changed the level of cAMP in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in rats obviously, it is implied that exercise could affect the late phrase of learning-memory by cAMP signal transduction pathway.