Study On The Governmental Role In High School Educational Financing

As the bridge of the compulsory education to the higher education, the high school education plays an important role in national education and has been paid more and more attention today. Since the reform and open policy, the high school has achieved great improvement, but it has become a focus of the social contradictions again and again. The roots of problem in high school are the imperfection of financing system and financing idea, especially, the role of government has been distorted.The study takes the public goods theory, the public choice theory and some education theory as basis, and takes past experience of the financing system of high school in developed country—Japan, the developing country—Brazil and China as comparative examples. According to the factors of politics, economy, the level of high school, national issue and financing ability of local government etc, the nation is divided into three partitions: the region of A(ten coastal provinces in eastern of China); the region of B(fourteen interior provinces in middle of China); the region of C(seven remote provinces in western of China, mainly refers to border provinces and national minority lives together provinces).The study reveals the realistic financing role of local government for the high school and analyzes the factors which affect the financing role of government such as the location of goods attribute in high school, the unclear division of property rights and governance among governments," the governmental rational economic man", "information asymmetry".According to politics, economics and beneficiary of high school in three regions, the localization of goods attribute in the high school is divided into three types: "the local public good" in the region of A; "The quasi-national public good" in the region of B and "the national public good" in the region of C. On the study of the disagreement of property rights and the governance" among governments, the study analyzes the influence of the governmental role in high school level education because of the disagreement of property rights and the governance among governments and the implementation of finance transfer payment system after the tax-sharing fiscal system has been carried out. On the study of "the governmental rational economic man", the study analyzes the influence of the governmental role in high school education because of "the viewpoint of achievements in governmental Civil Servants" and the profit competition of interest group. On the study of "information asymmetry", the study analyzes the influence of the governmental role in high school education because of gaming between citizen and government, the higher level government and the lower level government. Finally, the study suggests conception of financing system in high school based on the analysis of influence factors.In the part of policy suggestion, the financing role of government should be reconstructed. Firstly, in order to guarantee the development of high school, the special law for high school development and the law article for high school financing should be legislated. Secondly, the article reconstruct the financial share proportion of all levels of government in three type regions, and put forward some concrete suggestion about the share proportion of the central government for high school in region C, especially emphasize that in the financial share proportion, the provincial level government should undertake major responsibility. In this basis, we can measure the total amount and the share proportion of the central government, the provincial government and the local government again, and put forward some concrete policy suggestion about the financing role of all levels government for equalization development in the high school education. Finally, in order to strengthen high school fundraising, government should relax the restrictions of the private capital investing in high school, and encourage the private capital to enter high school, use financial methods and other methods for high school running, which is very useful in forming an open situation for high school finance.