The Research On The Japanese "Three Laws" For Privately-established Universities

Japanese privately-established universities are excellent models for the world privately-established universities for their advanced developing experiences. They have been rapidly developing in the years of postwar, and have realized the historical transition from Elite Educate to Mass Education, which greatly contributes to its support and guarantee of laws. "Three Laws" are vital for the healthy and rapid development of Japanese Private -established universities --namely"the Law for Private Schools","Japanese Private Privately-established universities Promotion Law","Japanese Private Privately-established universities Promotion and Financial Group Law". It is a distinct characteristic for Japanese privately-established universities to govern universities by law. The Japanese government governs and supervises private universities by the"Three Laws", and ensures the order and criterion of the development of the universities. This study mainly explores the background, the texts and experiences of legislation, in order to deepen the understanding and research of the"Three Laws", and tend to provide beneficial experience for the development of Chinese private universities.This paper is divided into five parts:The first part: Foreword, briefly introduces the significances of the topic of the paper, summarizes the present research on this topic and illustrates the main train of thought as well as the research methods.The second part explains the concepts of the"three laws", and explores the motivations and the social backgrounds of"three laws"from the perspectives of politics, economics and culture. The third part introduces and analyzes the texts of"three laws".The fourth part summarizes the legislation experiences of completeness, scientificalness and maneuverability.The fifth part deeply discusses the significance of the"three laws"in forming the characteristics of being public and independent and strengthening financial basis and administrative function. At the end, with the enlightenment of the Japanese"three laws", suggestions are put forward combined with the present conditions of privately- established universities in China.