A Study On The Developmental Characteristics Of Work Motivation Of Contemporary Chinese College Students

Work motivation of college student is the intrinsic motivity and the extrinsic inducement based on the career need, which can induce college students to determine what kind of job he/she wants, take actions and keep fighting for this kind of job untill obtain it. As the essential part of individual career value, work motivation can not only reflect the career psychological characteristics of college students during the course of hunting jobs, but also provide theoretic basis for college students' career guidance.The purpose of the study was to explore the structure and developmental characteristics of work motivation of contemporary Chinese college student. Based on the previous research of home and abroad as well as the results of the open-ended questionnaire survey, the work motivation model applicable to contemporary Chinese college student was proposed. Through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis of the data collected from two questionnaire surveys, the structure of the Work Motivation Inventory was constructed and the formal inventory was developed. Then it was used as a measure to explore the developmental characteristics of work motivation of contemporary Chinese college student in a sample of 2755 college students. In the other hand, based on the state documents, previous research and career goal classifications from human resource web, we classify the career goals applicable to contemporary Chinese college student to explore what kind of jobs they like during the course of hunting jobs and its influence on work motivation.The results indicated as following:(1) Work Motivation of contemporary Chinese college student, a structure including manycomponents, could be divided into two dimensions──work intrinsic motivity and work extrinsicinducement. The dimension of work intrinsic motivity included 6 factors: Contribution and altruism, Achievement, Job stability, Aesthetic feeling, Self-determination and Conformity; The dimension of work extrinsic inducement included 5 factors: Relationship, Job reputation, Salary and welfare, Boss or supervisor, Career development.(2) The Work Motivation Inventory constructed in the study ,with good reliability and validity, was an good instrument to measure college students' work motivation.(3) The main characteristics of work motivation of contemporary Chinese college student during the course of hunting jobs is that: Attach importance to whether the job itself can help practitioner to get achievement and satisfaction, the potential and development of the job.(4) With the higher grade, the intension of work motivation of contemporary Chinese college student boost up, the third grade is the turning point in the work motivation development.(5) Significant gender differences were found in the contemporary college students' work motivation, the female has stronger work motivation than male, and attach importance to Contribution and altruism, Job stability and Salary and welfare.(6) Significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of contemporary college students' major, the college students whose major is art have stronger work motivation and other work motivation factors except career development.(7) No significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of whether contemporary college student is only-one child. But if they are, they attach importance to Salary and welfare, Relationship; if they aren't, they attach importance to Contribution and altruism, Self-determination.(8) Significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of contemporary college students' hometown, the college students from city and town have stronger work motivation than the college students from countryside.(9) No significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of father's education degree, but college students whose mother's education degree was university have stronger work motivation than the college students whose mother's education degree was elementary school. No significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of mother's vocation , but college students whose father's vocation was administration and management have stronger work motivation than the college students whose father was farmer and out of work.(10) Significant differences of work motivation were found in the aspect of contemporary college students' family income monthly, the college students from the family which earn 3000-5000RMB a month have stronger work motivation than the college students from the family which earn less than 2000RMB a month. Family income which is 2000RMB monthly is the turning point about the college student's work motivation.(11) The work motivation of college students who possess part-time work experience is significantly stronger than those who don't., and the college students whose part-time work closely related to their major have significantly stronger work motivation than those who don't.(12) The range of career goals students chased is so narrow, focus on the "nation department, government and social organization" and "school and university", while they're lack of understanding. The college students whose major is art achieve more precise orientations and better pertinence during the course of hunting jobs.