A Dissertation On Melanie Klein's Theory On Object-relation Of Early Child

Since established, the psycho-analysis emphasizes the importance of experience of early child. In Freud's theory, Oedipus complex is the center and has critical effect of the form of personality structure. However, along with the development of clinic practices, it has been found that the form of personality structure should be ascended to the earlier relation between "mother and child". As lone as we get more knowledge about the nature and content of early child's life, the interaction between the real life and fantastic life of child, we can understand completely the importance of external object and the process of development of child. Melanie Klein is the first person who has done the systemic work. On the other hand, Freud emphasized the effect of father, without bringing mother into the personality structure, merely as a "loved object". Klein discussed the importance of mother in her literature, as the very first person who was met by child during early stage, especially in the first year. Infant splits mother's breasts into "good object" and "bad object" in unconscious, and project their love and aggression. During the first 3 months, infant experiences persecutory anxiety. Projective Identification establishes the prototype of an aggressive object-relation. Klein defined it as "paranoid position". From the fourth month, gradually, infant conceives his mother as a whole person. It is a very important turning which is from a part object to a complete object in his history. Hence, depressive anxiety dominates the fantastic life of infant, and they experience the development of depressive position. In the end, the conflicts of "loss of the loved object" form the outset of Oedipus. The date of Oedipus is advanced greatly by Klein, comparing with one of Freud. Klein's analyses still go on upon the Freud's definition of transference. Concerning the child's character of immature language, she created "play technique". It has positive effect on reducing anxiety and promoting development. By accumulating theory and clinic practice, Klein established the school of child-analysis.