The Study On Zhangshi' Academy Teaching Thoughts

The development of Academy reaches its high peak in the Southern Song Dynasty when the idealists often give lectures in Academies, thoughts contend in different schools, showing a grand occasion of another "hundred schools of thoughts contend" in Chinese academic history and thereby the Academy system becomes more perfect. This paper elaborates the Academy teaching thoughts formed in the long-term practice of the Academy education by Zhangshi,who is a well-known idealist and educator.It contains five parts:The first part explores the reason why Zhang Shi is being honored as the then world-famous Academy educator and then makes an analysis of it from his life story, a large number of writings, as well as the evaluation of his educational thoughts by younger generations.The second part describes the origins of the formation of Zhangshi'Academy teaching. The relaxed atmosphere and social requirements for the rectification of ethical"Gangchang"(three cardinal principles and five constant virtues)objectively give rise to the great development of the Academy education,and also function as an objective condition of the formation of its Academy teaching thoughts. In the long process of Academy development,there is an objective reality on inheriting and carrying forward ,another objective reason of their Academy teaching thoughts. Zhangshi graduates from Academy and then teaches at Academy, so the long-term practice of his Academy teaching is a direct cause of his Academy teaching thoughts.The third part elaborates on the theoretical sources of the formation of his Academy teaching thoughts from the theory of human nature( person can receive education), epistemology (to know each other)and the purpose of education(to foster the objectives of saints).The fourth part analyzes the basic contents of Zhangshi'Academy teaching thoughts including his interpretations of the teaching process,the Academy talent training modes ,Academy teaching content and Academy teaching methods. A series of teaching thoughts advanced by Zhangshi can still be of great reference value to today's education and teaching.The last part of the thesis summarizes Zhangshi's Academy teaching content,teaching process, teaching principles and methods,concluding the basic features of his Academy teaching,i.e.the combination of speaking and difficulty-challenging debate,the close combination of teaching and scientific research,the combination of intellectual and non-intellectual factors, the pragmatic style of stressing practice and putting moral education in the first position and so on. Meanwhile, an analysis of the impact of Academy teaching on the education of that time and today has been made .