| America is a country of federal organization, especially in education which has been considered as a right and obligation of each state. By researching the history of higher education development of America, we could find out that the federal government plays an important part as a macro administrator by issuing a series of education acts. The federal higher education acts have gone through three important phases: the loose legislations before the Civil War,the decentralization right after the Civil War and before the Second World War,the incorporated centralization and decentralization after the World Warâ…¡. And with the prevailing legislative ideology of pragmatism and nationalism, the trends of indirect intervention and the reinforced control have become more and more obvious.This thesis mainly covers six aspects: introduction, the overview of American educational legislation and judicial system, the history evolution of American federal higher education acts, the analysis of some important federal higher education acts and its classical prejudications, the features, spirit and revelation of American federal higher education acts, and the conclusion. The chapter four mainly analyzes the lawsuits of Dartmouth and the other eight which have strongly influenced the American higher education with their content, process and significance of the acts and prejudications. And chapter five mainly discusses the features and its law spirit of pursuing equality, freedom, great power, academic autonomy, as well as commitment to the society.Nowadays, China has already entered the phase of Mass Higher Education, but with the outstanding problems in scale, structure, quality, and benefit of higher education, and the slow legalized education, it is worthwhile for China to learn the legislative experience of federal higher education acts in America and the law spirit within, to further reinforce targeting, regionalization, and marketability in its educational legislation.
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