The Evolution Of Folk Sports Under The Vision Of Self-organization

Through documentation, field survey, interviews, logical method, comparative method and so on, taking Putian cart-drum as the case, taking cart-drum 's development course as a vein, taking from self-organization theory as the angle of view, based on its analysis of cart-drum system structure, the article explores its evolution's premise, incentives, power, route, way in order to promote sustainable development of folk sports and impel sports culture reconstruction in rural areas to provide the reference.Research shows that:①In a view of the self-organization theory, folk sports refers to creation, heritage and enjoyment by the people, it is collective, the model sports culture of evolving the variation unceasingly in the course of the digestion and absorption of human various cultural factors, and it has unique characteristics of dynamic, integrity, self-organization.②Putian cart-drum is rooted in Putian local culture, and it is a folk sports activity through hundred years, which constitutes three sub-systems of material culture, system culture and spiritual cultural. Its evolution has experienced steady development stage, wave-like development stage, rapid development stage.③The evolution of Putian cart-drum is the process of three sub-system' opening and interaction between subsystems and elements, and has the prerequisite for the evolution of the self-organization. Cart-drum has always maintained its own characteristics while open. Government's guidance and non-intervention promote the development of cart-drum.④Putian cart-drum "duplication", the uneven distribution and imbalance between the teams show a far from equilibrium. Evolution of cart-drum is fluctuation. The changes of natural environment, society and economy cause the outside fluctuation of cart-drum. The changes of team personnel, forms of organization, values cause the inside fluctuation of cart-drum. Far away from equilibrium and fluctuation causes self-organization evolution of cart-drum.⑤The power of Putian cart-drum evolution comes from competition and coordination within the drum team and between team and team. The survival of the fittest which competition forms and the approval and understanding which coordination forms promote the evolution and the upgrading of structure of cart-drum.⑥The process of Putian cart-drum evolution is approved and dominated. The approval contains identity of material culture, system culture and spiritual cultural system, its emergence and the domination time of cart-drum evolution is from short to long, the domination scope is from local to whole.⑦Every stage of Putian cart-drum evolution is facing a wide range of choices. At that time the environmental conditions and the psychological tendency decided to choose the outcome, fortuitousness of fluctuation made the evolution results difficult to predict. The process of the cart-drum evolution exists variety of control variables of natural environment, social systems, economic conditions, religious culture, these have the promotion and bounded function to the way to the cart-drum evolution.⑧ The evolution of Putian cart-drum is divided into gradual evolution, the mutation two ways. The evolution of material culture and system culture is the mutation mainly, the evolution of spiritual cultural in the core system is a long gradual process.⑨The history of Putian cart-drum evolution has confirmed that it has self-organization conditions, self-evolution, self-development in the external environment and internal systems of interaction, and from disorder to order, from simple to complex.