Mobilization Of A Society

Social transformation in Chinese society brings a wealth of civilization and progress, as well as unprecedented risk. Chinese society is entering the ranks of the risk society , and its outstanding performance in recent years have been the frequent occurrence of various public unexpected events. Our country is one of the countries which has the most serious impact of unexpected events in the world, the annual losses caused by sudden disasters have been more than a thousand billion, which gives our country a serious impact on economic development and social stability. Because of the social characteristics of public emergency, their response is a social project, required a wide range of social mobilization and participation. This paper discussed social mobilization approach based on the theory of the relationship between state and society, argued that with the market economy, the state relaxed the control of resources, the traditional way of administrative mobilization lost its basic construction social integration needs a new methods of mobilization, namely, social mobilization. At the same time, a brief analysis of social mobilization of the earthquake in Wenchuan, thinks that with the development of civil society, depend on their own strength of society on the social issues has necessity and possibility, but lack an institutionalized mode of operation of the resources. Finally, give the problems of social mobilization exists in current public emergency and the rationalization proposals.The relationship between state and society is the basis of the mobilization system. Overall, the country transit from a"general society"to a"post-general society". In the general society, the social structure was low in the degree of differentiation, the state monopoly on most of the scare resources and structural space, in order to the basis of re-distribution system and units system, almost all resources individuals need to survive have been state monopolies, which provides a basic system to the effective mobilization of administration. In the post-general society, with the market-oriented reforms and changes of patterns of resource distribution, society is emerging as parallel as the state and can provide resources and opportunities independently, traditional mobilization no longer works as in the past, the advantage of social mobilization is obvious, social mobilization becomes the main form of mobilization.The real terms of the relationship between state and society, mainly reflected in the relationship between the government and non-governmental organizations. With the development of civil society, Chinese non-governmental organizations develop rapidly and play an important role in social management. In transitional society, the government gradually exited and transferred part of the functions to society, the non-governmental organizations play a role of undertaking social functions. Therefore, in the management of public emergency, should give full play to the role of non-governmental organizations. At the same time, enterprises, communities, volunteers as elements of the civil society, also become self-governing strength in the development of society. Social mobilization in public emergency should change from rely on administration to a coordinated management of their own.Through the analysis of social mobilization of the earthquake in Wenchuan found that although the enterprise, non-governmental organizations, volunteers played a positive role at the earthquake, such as donate to provide a variety of public assistance, take part in relief activities and so on, but the questions on professional, legitimacy and autonomy still exist, they can not afford the relief and social mobilization functions. Enterprises with a majority of economic resources, still put themselves as passive recipients, rather than actors. The reasons for these problems of course have driven up benefits, but also the lack of organization and system. The development of civil society needs good policy and institutional environment, in which the main society can grow into actors.Currently, the case of social mobilization of public emergency exits following problems: attention to the administrative mobilization, neglect social mobilization; attention to mobilizing the masses, neglect the legal system; attention to immediate interests, neglect sustainability. The main disadvantages of these problems are: a single subject limiting the development of social forces, society is lack of self-management skills; the lack of the necessary norms, not only have negative impact on the construction of institutionalization, but also damage the efficiency of emergency response; intense, long duration mobilization will broke the normal order and certain norms, easily lead to social conflict. Therefore, in the future social mobilization, the society should pay attention to set up self-mobilization mechanisms; set up professional non-governmental organizations to make up for government; strengthen the legal system, implement mobilize in accordance with the law.It is worth noting that: in a centralized society, government-led superiority in the field of economy and society remains enormous. Therefore, social mobilization is not out of the leadership of the government, but how to use the government and community resources more efficient, put social resources into the vertical management system, through the way of socialization to operate the outside and inside resources between state and society to alleviate the tension. Government should provide a suitable way to institutionalization and participation ,as the government and the community can carry out on many of the features, should reliance on social self-governing to achieve social integration.In one word, the core mechanism for deal with public emergency is government-led, social mobilization and participation, required the leading of government and the forces of civil society. We should develop an integrated channel for the government, society and citizens to implement a coordinated and orderly social control. The rise of civil society marks that society is no longer a passive object, but has the capacity to bear responsibility. The diversification of market benefits and participators provides a possibility to social mobilization. The mobilization model should be a transform from administrative mobilization to social mechanism, give full play to enterprises, non-governmental organizations, communities, citizens, as the main force, attract and promote a variety of social forces to the disaster aid process, and give better play to mobilize their own forces of society, so that the leading force in government and civil society formed the main force of enormous effort.