China's Excellent Walking Race Athletes Skills And Tactics Research

Walking race is the important sport in track and field sports in China and our race walkers once have won the world's championship and gold medal in Olympics both as individual and group.However,Chinese athletes failed all the world-class games recently,and even sometimes a large number of athletes were fouled out the field. Skills and tactics are crucial for walking race.The style of smaller steps and higher frequency,which has constantly brought Chinese athletes to the podium in the world games,is out of date after the modification of walking race regulations in the mid -90s. The phenomenon that most athletes behave excellently in domestic games but always failed in world games demonstrated that their techniques and skills were not brought into full play.Therefore,techniques and tactics have become the key factors to influence the development of walking race in China.This thesis aims to analyze the techniques and tactics of the excellent Chinese athletes by means of literary review,statistics and question survey after sorting out relative data.At last we can get conclusions as follows:First,speed is still relatively slow compared with that of western athletes,though the technique of "smaller steps,higher frequency,higher center of gravity" has been improved a lot in recent years.Secondly,Chinese athletes comply with walking race definition in that the knee joint is unwound from touchdown to upright phases.There is no difference with excellent world athletes in obliquity of straight forward and backward,and in obliquity of touchdown.However,there are some technical problems in the performance of our athletes:different forces in pressing down the feet,inactive hipbone,insufficient press and stretch of anklebone,high fluctuation of gravity,too much inclination between right and left,unbalanced body,and so on.Thirdly,the speed adjustment characteristics of the topnotch athletes form abroad are as follows:They do well both in speeding up gradually in the first half of the match and keeping the same speed in the rest of the race.Besides,they walk faster in the remaining half.The top speed always appears in the last 2 to 6 km.However,there is a great difference between the athletes form home and abroad.Our athletes are relatively weak in keeping the speed in the second half of the match,in which the speed is slower than that in the beginning part;the top speed is always in the first half match.Fourthly,different athletes prefer different walking tactics.Different effects will result from using the same tactic.In a word,endurance,absolute average speed and fouls are the main factors which limit our athletes' performance in the matches.Fifthly,athletic standard skills,tactics,and foul control interact with each other. They condition each other and further mutually.Optimizing their relationships is crucial for improving the athletes' performance.