Exploring Critical Factors Affecting Entrepreneurial Inclinations For College Students In Jilin Provincial Institutes Of Higher Education

The activities of setting up enterprises have greatly prompted a country's economic and social development. Until recently, college students, as a special group of"entrepreneurs", have caught more and more attention from researchers and experts. The fact is, foreign entrepreneurial studies and activities have been very advanced , their entrepreneurial education mature and complete , and their undergraduate students have very high inclination compared to those at home, especially in some provincial institues of higher education in Jilin, where things are even worse. The inclination of undergraduates is much lower than that of the average across the country. Why is it that way? What makes that happen? What measures can be taken to improve this? These are deep questions that need discussion.Among a multitude of research papers on colleges students'entrepreneurial inclination,little attention was paid to the situation of private college students of Jilin province,where the low inclination of them is beyond any doubt,and uplifting it is indeed a practical problem ahead for both government and higher educational institutes in the new era.Firstly,the concept of entrepreneurship is pretty wide and broad. It incorporates many disciplines such as economy,management,sociology,psychology,pedagogic, laws,ethics,public facilities and city layout,etc. Experts from different fields study entrepreneurship from different angles, thus far, their views differ as well. Schumpeter's view states that newly set up enterprises are balances of"innovative destroying"of the old,that is, to realize innovation is most significant among many. Some others including those from China consider highly the risk involved with entrepreneurship,the grasping of the commercial opportunities and the painstaking effort for undertaking it.To sum it up,broadly speaking,entrepreneurship is an innovative activity for creating value; narrowly,it is a hard process in which the entrepreneurs discover opportunity and explore it to produce and bring wealth and value by configuring all kinds of resources at hand. Most college students do so in the similar way with an aim to fulfill their own accomplishment.Among those relative researches on college student's inclination are two very representative ones, one of which being Christian and Nikolaus'model and the other being Fanwei and Wangchongming'model. Both of the two models are primarily based on individual characteristics and personal and social background.Jilin provincial institutes of higher education are distinctive for their history, teaching staff and students sources , relatively low level of entrepreneurial education,lack of studies and researches on the theory and the incompetency of forming the system. In the meanwhile,these institutes are still facing challenges in enrolling,job-hunting and fostering innovative talents that fit for the society. Presently,they need badly to shift from the traditional way of educating and renew their old thoughts to enhance entrepreneurial educating so as to establish their particular power and fame in their own situation and under the aid of their own strength.As regards to this,a survey on college students'entrepreneurial inclination has been conducted to 633 students from 6 colleges in Jilin province. Based on the statistics,three elements have been found to be critical to determine the inclination, which are entrepreneurial qualities,environment and practices. Among the three elements,entrepreneurial quality is the vital inner decisive element,environment the necessary condition,while the entrepreneurial practices are important medium for transforming the qualities into abilities. The three elements are mutually dependent and interdependent. The entrepreneurial inclination can be inactivated when the college students apply their fine qualities and practice them initiatively in a certain supportive environment.To uplift college students'entrepreneurial inclination and encourage them to take action to venture,we must solve the problems that affect and preclude it,which relates to the three elements abovementioned and can be generalized into two major approaches: reinforcing entrepreneurial education and perfecting entrepreneurial environment. As to the entrepreneurial education,colleges should first build up their own educational philosophy for entrepreneurial education,and then gradually form an integrated entrepreneurial system with their own feature,thus laying a solid foundation for students'inclination to be entrepreneurs in the future. On the other hand,the government and society should also play an active and positive role in uplifting students'entrepneneurial inclination to venture by way of constructing firm infrastructure,supplying efficient services,formulating complete laws and regulations and specificly helping establish the soft conducive and supportive culture for encouraging entrepreneurship.