| With the development of information society and network environment, in the late 1980's, university Libraries began to study Online Information Literacy. At the beginning of 2000's, Online Information Literacy has become a major research issue. Library Network Application in China began in the late 1990's.Because online information literacy education started late, study of online information literacy education is still in the initial stage of development. Since 1960's, western developed countries, like United States, Australia, Canada, the Netherlands, have been studying critical thinking education. Critical thinking has been considered as one of two basic skills; in particular, the training of critical thinking is emphasized in the university. Since 1990's, the overall goal of university education has been to give priority to the promotion of critical thinking. Since the late 1980's, critical thinking has been introduced by Chinese scholars. In recent years, domestic scholars increasingly recognize the importance of critical thinking and have embarked on research in this area. At present, study of critical thinking cultivation in higher education is still in the initial stage of development.Innovative thinking is important for the 21st century. Creative talents are eagerly needed in the 21st century. A country's strong economic growth and sustainable development is largely determined by innovative level of people. Innovative thinking is based on critical thinking. With critical thinking, people take the initiative to think, discover problems. With critical thinking, people can reflect on and evaluate the result of innovation to obtain new knowledge. So, cultivating critical thinking and then cultivating innovative talents are an important part of university education.This paper studies critical thinking-oriented Online Information Literacy. Based on the university library, this paper discovers problems of cultivating critical thinking through online investigation and comparative analysis of online information literacy education home and abroad. Besides, the author analyzes necessity of cultivating critical thinking by online information literacy education. Finally, Characteristics of the online information literacy education and guiding principles are described as well as strategies of cultivation of critical thinking. The paper provides reference for online information literacy education and cultivating critical thinking. It is obvious that this research topic has both theoretical significance but also has some practical significance.The structure of this paper is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter, "Introduction", introduces the research background, research contents and goals. And the study of online information literacy education home and abroad is reviewed.The second chapter discusses the basic theory of critical thinking, and describes in detail the concept, type, form and characteristics.The third chapter, the content and structure of critical thinking are described in detail. Training method of critical thinking is proposed.The fourth chapter discovers problems of cultivating critical thinking through online investigation and comparative analysis of online information literacy education home and abroad.The fifth chapter, relationship between innovation thinking and critical thinking as well as relationship between critical thinking and information literacy is deeply analyzed. Challenges that information literacy is faced and significance of critical thinking are discussed.The sixth chapter, characteristics of the online information literacy education and guiding principles are described. The author points out strategies of cultivation of critical thinking as well as training content. Finally, one case is used to introduce how to cultivate critical thinking in online information literacy education process.Finally, conclusion and prospect, the author sums up research achievements and shortcomings. Further research directions are indicated.
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