Study On The Quality Of Material And The Basis Of Material Basis In

Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata are commonly used as traditional Chinese medicines after processed because they are poisonous.The quality of pieces are directly related to the effectiveness and safety of clinical medication.Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata are derived from Aconitum Aconitum carmichaelii Debx that belongs to the Ranunculaceae family. Aconiti Radix is the taproot, and monkshood is the processed sub-root. Non-processed Aconiti Radix is hyper-toxicity, but processed Aconiti Radix is spicy, bitter, and heat, with the effect of qufengchushi, and cold pain. Heishunpian, the processed products of monkshood can be directly used as medicine, and widely used for huiyangjini, buhuozhuyang, and cold pain because the characteristic of spicy, sweet, and hot.Both those are significantly different in medicinal parts, processing methods, properties, and efficacy, so that they should not be mixed. Currently, many researchs on processed Aconiti Radix and Heishunpian have emerged, but few are focusing on the quality of the two pieces on the market.Therefore, we collected 45 batches of Aconiti Radix Cocta, and 63 batches of Heishunpian in more than 20 provinces cities, seven major areas nationwidely (No.25 is discarded, as it is processed in accordance with the standards of Tianjin).Then, we studied the quality by the method of traditional character identification and modern detection technology to grasp the quality status of the two commercial pieces, identify the existing problems, and analyze the difference of the material between the two; further analysis the relevance between component change during processing process and the traditional appearance color.This study provide a scientific basis of unique quality standards for Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian.Their appearance characters were observed and recorded. Set contrast Chinese herbal pieces and compare the appearance characters of other sample with the contrast Chinese herbal pieces. The quality of samples was analyzed through their appearance characters and the contents of these six alkaloids (benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconitine,benzoyhypacoitine, mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine) which were determined by HPLC. The quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta, Hei-shun-pian showed significant difference. Only 10 batches of Aconiti Radix Cocta close to the contrast Chinese herbal pieces. There is a big gap betweenanother 34 batches slices and the contrast Chinese herbal piecesin texture, shape, color.43 batches Heishunpian close to the contrast Chinese herbal pieces, the rest of the 9 batches in appearance, especially the color have a big gap with contrast Chinese herbal pieces. The contents of these six alkaloids were determined by HPLC, and the total contents of monoester-type (benzoylmesaconine, benzoylaconitine and benzoylhypacoitine) anddiester-type (mesaconitine, aconitine and hypaconitine) alkaloidswere calculated. The total content of diester-type alkaloids in 45 batches of Aconiti Radix Cocta were less than 0.040%, don’t meet pharmacopeia requirement (the total content of diester-type alkaloids should not more than 0.040%). The total content of monoester-type alkaloids in 33 batches of Aconiti Radix Cocta didn’t meet pharmacopeia requirement (the total content of monoester-type alkaloids should be within 0.070%-0.15%).It could be found that some of the Aconiti Radix Cocta was processed excessive, combined with the result of tongue observation.10 batches of Heishunpian the total content six alkaloidsdon’tmeet pharmacopeia requirement (the total content of-type alkaloids should s not less than 0.010%,the total content of diester-type alkaloids should not more than 0.020%).Comprehensive appearance observation results could foung that the quality of the Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpianwas uneven. Combined with research results of origin, determine the 34 batches of Aconiti Radix Coctawas the small processed AconitiLateralis Radix Praepatata.The colorimetric values were determined by CM-5 spectrophotometer.The colorimetric values ofAconiti Radix Cocta:L* value range was37.81～37.81, a* value range was4.39-4.39, b* value range was 13.29～13.29, E value range is:40.77～52.42.The colorimetric values of Heishunpian:L* value range was 63.98～63.98, a* value range was1.34～1.34, b* value range was9.79～9.79, E value range was 65.31～79.43.The colorimetric values of Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian werenot the same.Therefore the colorimetric values of Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian couldbe the measure to distinguish.Research shows that the color of traditional Chinese medicine would change in the process of processing.And the change associated with maillard reaction.For a more comprehensive understanding of the relationship between maillard reaction and processing, we determined the content of 5-HMF and melanoidin.The content of 5-HMFwas determined by HPLC and the content of melanoidin was determined by Uv-visspectrophotometer. The Contrast Heishunpian in the content of 5-HMFwas less than chemical composition.The content of 5-HMF in ContrastAconiti Radix Coctais48.78μg/g.The content of 5-HMF in 23 batches of Heishunpian was not undetectable.ofThe content of 5-HMF in the other 18batches was in the range of 0～20μg/g.The content of 5-HMF in2 batches ofAconiti Radix Coctawas not undetectable.The content of 5-HMF in the other 9 batches was in the range of 0～70μg/g.The absorbanceof Aconiti Radix Cocta under the 402 nm was in the range of 0.170～0.898.The absorbanceof Heishunpian under the 402 nm was less than 0.040. There are significant difference between Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian. The correlation between the content of maillard reaction products and the colorimetric values was analyzedby SPSS 20.0.The result show that P values were more than 0.05, no statistical significance.Maillard reaction can affect the color of radix aconitito a certain extent, but it’snot the only determining factors.The chemical compositionwas analyzed by ultra-high pressure liquid combined with linear ion trap orbit high resolution mass spectrometry technology systems.There are 272 ingredients which was detected in Aconiti Radix.There are 275 ingredients which was detected in Aconiti Radix Cocta.There are 181 ingredients which was detected in Shengfupian.There are 150 ingredients which was detected in Heishunpian. According to the published literature and massbank database, compare the molecular weight of the fragment ions.77 ingredients was identified in Aconiti Radix; 71 ingredients was identified in Aconiti Radix Cocta;66 ingredients was identified in Shengfupian; 56 ingredients was identified in Heishunpian.There are 172 common ingredients in Aconiti Radix and Aconiti Radix Cocta, 100 ingredients was disappeared after processing, and 103 ingredients wasappearedafter processing. There are 105 common ingredients in Shengfupian and Heishunpian.76 ingredients wasdisappeared after processing, and 45 ingredients was appearedafter processing. There are 122 common ingredients in Aconiti Radix and Shengfupian. Aconiti Radix had 150 endemic ingredients, Shengfupian had 59 endemic ingredients. There are 107 common ingredients in Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian. Aconiti Radix Cocta had 168 endemic ingredients, Heishunpian had 43 endemic ingredients.To sum up, this study analyzethe quality of Aconiti Radix Cocta and Hei-shun-pianfrom various perspectives, found the existing problemsand analyze the difference of the materialbasis.This study provide a scientific basis of unique quality standards for Aconiti Radix Cocta and Heishunpian.