In Lao Tzu, Chang ("常") is the regular and unchanging rule, which all things have to comply with. It is the constant in the world of things, and can be known and expressed. So it is different from Tao, which is not a thing, out of cognition and language. Moreover, Chang is the keynote of the sayings of Lao Tzu.The connotation of Chang can be summarized as Selflessness, which is the presentation of Tao’s movement. As a result, the sayings of Lao Tzu become the access to Tao. The approach of following Chang is to stay in the state of no desire, no emotion, ignorance and inaction. |