Study On The Protection

As one of the four ancient civilizations which has a long history for five thousand years, our motherland has created a wonderful civilization both in material and spiritual aspects. Meanwhile, as our country has such a large territorial area, the Chinese civilization has different concrete manifestations in different areas and different sub-cultures. Different forms of material production were created in these different areas and sub-cultures, for the diversified nature conditions and forms of cultural inheritance. Among them, the Karez is the most representative water conservancy system which use of groundwater for irrigation and farming in the desert area. Although it has a different form comparing with the traditional method used around the Yangtze River and the West-North part, the essence of the Karez is that it is a crystallization of wisdom summarized by the ancient Chinese people from utilizing the nature rules and conditions based on giving full play to their subjective initiative, which is totally the same as other ancient irrigation system in China. In China, the Karez mainly distributed in "XiYu", which is around the Xinjiang and Gansu province now. And among these areas, Karez in Turpan has the largest distribution density, area and used most frequently today. Considering the meaningful role and status in Chinese culture history, many scholars hailed the Karez as one of the three major projects in ancient China, part with the great wall, Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. Thus the study on Kares has a significant practical meaning for the history of technology related to water conservancy in China, and even all over the world. In view of its important role in agricultural production in Turpan area, it also has a great value in the study of history of Turpan. In addition, different from other historical and cultural heritage, the Karez still plays an important role in preventing drought in Turpan. So it’s also meaningful to study the protection methods of the Karez based on its features, which will leave us a better understanding of it.In this paper, we studied the most representative Karez in Turpan by means of field study, interviews, and reading literatures, and try to figure out the relationship between Karez and the oasis civilization in Turpan; meanwhile we showed the status of protection for Karez by studying the related laws and rules in our country and typical cases, and summarize the countermeasures for Karez protection to achieve its effective conservation and sustainable use.