| Based on the investigation about pasture resources and its utlization in zhaosu, Xinjiang, The effects of the key measures for pasture and livestock raising on zhaosu grassland ecological system and animal husbandry were studied, which included the enclosure technology, the forage mixture technology, the AI technology assistant with laparoscopic, crossbreeding and fattening technology, parasites control technology atc. The result was as follows:1 , The status of the forage grass resources and it's utilization in Zhaosu county of Xinjiang .was investigated. The results showed that: the area had excellent nature forage grass resources for livestock raising. Most of grassland in the area was meadow types which consisted of 8 species, 36 groups, 93 types. Most of forage grass in the area belonged to 21 secretions, 62 genuses, 77 breeds, which included gramineous forage grass of 12 genuses, 17 breeds , and feverfew forage grass of 8 genuses, 11 breeds and leguminous forage grass of 6 genuses, 9 breeds. Grassland of high grade and meddle grade were 33.33% respectively, and low grade was 7.53%. The height of forage grass in enclosure was average 72.9cm in a year, but the height of forage grass in spring and autumn was only 33 cm. the degree of coverage in winter and summer were 91.4% and 92.3% respectively. The grass yield enclosure pasture was three times than nature pasture.The crude protein of forage grass in enclosure pasture was higher than the one in nature pasture.2, Two years experiment in 6600 ha of Zhaosu was conducted, the results showed that the seed yield of forage grass in the area was increased ,and the nature pasture was renewed by the way of forbidding grazing, transmigrate-grazing. The yield of forage grass in enclosure was 230.19% higher than that in nature grassland. At the same time, the methods of the grassland rational utilization, forage grass breeds introduce, planting and fertilizing atc were studied in enclosure,and special effects were had.3, The 6 forage breeds mixture experiment showed that the artificial grassland planted with alfalfa, red clover, sainfoin, orchard grass, ryegrasss, timoghy as the ratio was 2:3:1:2:1:1 could cut two times in a year, and the hay yield was 13473kg/ ha, which was two times than that of artificial alfalfa grassland (5850~6750kg /ha), and 2.9 times than that of nature grassland. Soil fertility, space and solar energy were adequately utilised in gramineous and leguminous mixture grassland. The forage grass cut at flowering period earlier could cut two times in a year in Zhaosu, not only the hay yield was higher but also the hay quality was well.4> 2920 Chinese Merino ewes were inseminated by laparoscopic AI in Zhaosu and the average conception rate was 75.99% in whole estrus, which was 20.45% higher than the best record by vaginal AI (P<0.01). This study showed that laparoscopic AI could significantly increase freezing semen conception rate on livestock reproduction and should be popularized widely as an excellent technology in hybridization and improvement in livestock.5 <. Slaught rate, net clean mutton and eye area of Suffolk Fi were increased 6.5%, 11.9% and 12.2% than the ones of native sheep breed Fi respectively (P<0.01); The weight of hind leg and sirloin in Suffolk Fi and native sheep breed Fi were 9.86 kg and 7.98kg respectively (PO.01). Suffolk Fi had lower carcass fat, and carcass quality was increased ,which could increase income by 50 Yuan per head sheep. It showed that Suffolk Fi could produce more mutton than native sheep Fi.6> Parasites was the important restrictive factor for sheep production. It was important that to select broad spectrum madicine,and to regularly,intently control parasites of sheep in summer and winter according to the way section by section. The experiment showed that the body weight and wool yield of the test group increased 0.88kg and 0.33kg than that ones of control group respectively (p<0.05) . |
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