Study On Conversion Of Farmland To Forest And Eco-environment Construction In Loess Plateau Of Northern Shaanxi Province

As a result of special geographical position and wicked environment, the Loess Plateau became the main region which environment conditions need to be improved. At the same time, unreasonable using and extensive management of sloping plantation resulted in soil degenerating, output of food supplies being low and unsteady, regional environment becoming worse and worse. Under these circumstances, the State government put forward bringing the engineering of conversion of farmland to forest into effect. The engineering was beneficial to adjust the country's economic structure and promote boorish enrichment.In 21st century, the Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi Province will be the basic region of the State's energy and chemical engineering. But, nowadays, it's environmental conditions are not suitable for the requirements. So, it is essential to go in for further study on conversion of farmland to forest and eco-environment construction in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi Province. The paper aims at how to perfect the policies of conversion of farmland to forest, quicken the course of eco-environment construction in underdevelopment area.Through the study, some conclusions are provided as follows:(1)Based on the course of the eco-environment evolvement and soil erosion in geological period and historical period respectively, the paper analyzes the new problems which were caused by unreasonable behaviors in recent years. Then, the paper considers that it is necessary for us to look on conversion of farmland to forest as the base point of the eco-environment construction in Loess Plateau of Northern Shaanxi Province.(2)Taking the program testing information in Mizhi County from 1998 to 2003 as study object, and taking the social, economical and ecological situation before the program testing as contrast, the paper gives an objective evaluation to the comprehensive benefit in Mizhi County. The results show that the benefit of society, economy and ecology are all enhanced effectively.(3) Conversion of farmland to forest has apparent influences on the population distribution and land use change. Among population and land resource, the total ofagriculture labor, outwork labor and arable land change rapidly.(4)Influenced by conversion of farmland to forest, the economical benefits in Mizhi County appear step by step. General domestic product and forest product will growth notably along with the applying time of conversion of farmland to forest. Rural economics also increase apparently.(5)Eco-environment benefits embody in water and soil preservation effectiveness. In 2003, afforesting dimension was 7.16 times than in 1998. The dimension of governing in water and soil preservation was 3.16 times than before. Converting sloping arable land to field was the main way in agriculture construction.(6)Using the model of GM(l,l)to predict the food supply and demand foreground of Mizhi County in 2010, the paper proposes that although the total of food yield falls 26.97% than before, in 2010,we can achieve self-support of food in Mizhi County if considering the balance of food supply and demand and choosing the low project of individual equal demand level.(7)There are some problems in policies of conversion of farmland to forest in Mizhi County. We must enforce the total planning of it and set up the longtime protecting mechanism. Improving manipulating manners also are important in the future.